In the sac-driven artificial heart, the flow characteristics are coupled to the dynamics of the sac motion. The opening dynamics of the sac wall can, for example, strongly affect the chamber flow characteristics during diastole by directing or impeding the inflow. Poor sac motion can reduce the volume output of the pump and may increase the potential for thrombus formation within the ventricula...

BACKGROUND We examined the use of male condoms and the diaphragm following completion of a clinical trial of the diaphragm's HIV prevention effectiveness. In the trial, called Methods for Improving Reproductive Health in Africa (MIRA), women were randomized to a diaphragm group (diaphragm, gel and condoms) or a condom-only control group. At trial exit, all women were offered the diaphragm and c...

CONTEXT Diaphragm pacing in ventilator-dependent tetraplegic subjects is usually achieved by the placement of phrenic nerve electrodes via thoracotomy. However, this technique may be accomplished less invasively via laparoscopic placement of IM electrodes, at a lower cost and with less risk of injury to the phrenic nerve. OBJECTIVE To assess the feasibility of laparascopic placement of IM dia...

Audio applications such as mobile communication and hearing aid devices demand a small size but high performance, stable and low cost microphone to reproduce a high quality sound. Capacitive microphone can be designed to fulfill such requirements with some trade-offs between sensitivity, operating frequency range, and noise level mainly due to the effect of device structure dimensions and visco...

An incorrect engine oil pressure gauge and an sensor will provide false indications of low or high pressure. Standard sensors work by displaying a warning signal when the falls outside set range. Two important components to include spring-loaded switch diaphragm. The is connected diaphragm that exposed Pressure indicator can be diagnosed using DMM inspect visually on block. Good type helps ECU ...

Traumatic diaphragm ruptures occur frequently after motor vehicle accidents through penetrating traumas. In 90% of the patients, traumatic diaphragm rupture commonly coexists with other organ injuries. Posteroanterior chest x-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, upper gastrointestinal system contrast-enhanced examinations, and thoraxoscopy/laparoscopy are several modalities whi...

A pressure sensor with a 200 μm diaphragm using silicon nanowires (SiNWs) as a piezoresistive sensing element is developed and optimized. The SiNWs are embedded in a multilayered diaphragm structure comprising silicon nitride (SiNx) and silicon oxide (SiO2). Optimizations were performed on both SiNWs and the diaphragm structure. The diaphragm with a 1.2 μm SiNx layer is considered to be an opti...

Orthopnoea is commonly attributed to heart failure but can be caused by diaphragm weakness, which, when severe, is often associated with hypercapnic respiratory failure. Bilateral diaphragm weakness is generally due to systemic nerve or muscle disease and usually occurs in the setting of severe generalized muscle weakness, but the diaphragm can be the initial or only muscle involved. Here, we r...

BACKGROUND Chronic heart failure (CHF) results in limb and respiratory muscle weakness, which contributes to exercise intolerance and increased morbidity and mortality, yet the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to compare parameters of antioxidative capacity, energy metabolism, and catabolic/anabolic balance in diaphragm and quadriceps muscle in an animal model ...

De Troyer, André. Interaction between the canine diaphragm and intercostal muscles in lung expansion. J Appl Physiol 98: 795–803, 2005. First published November 12, 2004; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol. 00632.2004.—Changes in intrathoracic pressure produced by the various inspiratory intercostals are essentially additive, but the interaction between these muscles and the diaphragm remains uncertain. ...