Among 102,170 cultured lymphocytes obtained from 9818 individuals from Hiroshima, Japan, aged 9 to 37 years and scored for chromosomal abnormalities, 24 cells that exhibited an extreme degree of damage were encountered. The damage consists of multiple dicentric and even tricentric chromosomes, as well as numerous fragments, many with the appearance of "double minutes." The occurrence of these c...

Accurate digital image analysis of abnormal microscopic structures relies on high quality images and on minimizing the rates of false positive (FP) and negative objects in images. Cytogenetic biodosimetry detects dicentric chromosomes (DCs) that arise from exposure to ionizing radiation, and determines radiation dose received based on DC frequency. Improvements in automated DC recognition incre...

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) develops as the consequence of a series of genetic changes in a hematopoietic precursor cell. Specific cytogenetic abnormalities have been identified by karyotype analysis in AML. One of the rare chromosomal abnormalities is a dicentric chromosome, which is defined as an aberrant chromosome having two centromeres. In the literature, a limited number of cases hav...

about 15% of couples have infertility problems, half of which are related to male factors. cytogenetic and genetic disorders account for about 10% of the male infertility problems. the aim of this study was to determine the frequency and types of both cytogenetic abnormalities and azf microdeletions of y chromosome in idiopathic azoospermic and oligospermic infertile men in west of iran. in thi...

The P genome of Agropyron cristatum Gaertn. contains many desirable genes that can be utilized as genetic resources to improve wheat. In this research, we used both the gametocidal chromosome 2Cc and pairing homologous gene (Ph1b) mutant induce structural aberrations translocations between wheat 4P, 5P, 6P chromosomes. By using two approaches, a total 19 wheat-A. have been identified, in which ...

Purpose Biological and/or physical assays for retrospective dosimetry are valuable tools to recover the exposure situation and aid medical decision making. To further validate improve such biological assays, in 2019, EURADOS Working Group 10 RENEB performed a field exercise Lund, Sweden, simulate various real-life scenarios.Materials methods For dicentric chromosome assay (DCA), blood tubes wer...

A worsening of the accidental hazards linked to the use of ionizing radiation is currently being observed for four reasons. First, the increasing need for radiation sources in numerous industrial applications (food sterilization, construction, engineering...) leads to an increasing probability of loss of the sources or abnormal/unsuitable use and storage. Second, advances in medicine generate n...

background prostate cancer is a serious genetic disease known as the first widespread cancer in men, yet the molecular changes required for the cancer progression is not fully understood. availability of high-throughput gene expression data has led to the development of various computational methods for the identification of critical genes involved in the cancer. methods in this paper, we show ...

The Y chromosome is one of the smallest human chromosomes with an average size of 60 million base pairs (Mb). Between X and Y chromosomes, exchange is limited to small pseudoautosomal regions (PAR) of the X-Y pair (see Figure 1). During male meiosis, recombination only takes place at the most distal short arm (PAR 1) and at the tip of the Y chromosome long arm (PAR 2). For most of its length (t...