Chronic progressive metabolic problem and chronic hyperglycemia caused by a dysregulation of protein, lipid, carbohydrate metabolism are two symptoms diabetes mellitus, complicated condition. Verapamil belongs to group calcium channel blockers that not dihydropyridines. It works preventing from entering beta cells' cytoplasm, the second phase insulin release driven glucose, as well sulfonylurea...

BACKGROUND Reduced uteroplacental perfusion, the initiating event in preeclampsia, is associated with enhanced endothelin-1 (ET-1) production which feeds the vasoconstriction of uterine artery. Whether the treatments of preeclampsia were effective on ET-1 induced contraction and could reverse placental ischemia is the question addressed in this study. We investigated the effect of antihypertens...

More than 40 years after their introduction in therapy, 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) are still amongst the most prescribed drugs in the world. Though they all share a similar mechanism of action blocking L-type voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels, DHPs differ in crucial pharmacological properties like tissue selectivity and cardiodepressant activity. This review examines how changes in the DHP structu...

The synthesis of various substituted Biginelli 3,4-dihydropyrimidinone/thione and Hantzsch 1,4dihydropyridine derivatives has been achieved using a modified procedure in the presence of potassium ter-butoxide (tBuOK) as a catalyst under solvent-free conditions, in good to excellent yields.

In the title compound, C(18)H(17)N(3), the dihedral angle between the dihydropyridine and phenyl rings is 72.57 (5)° and that between the dihydropyridine ring and malononitrile plane is 5.19 (20)°. The C-C bond lengths in the pyridine ring are considerably shorter than those of normal single bonds, indicating that electrons on the dihydropyridine ring, including the non-bonding electrons of the...

MC3T3-E1 osteogenic cells in a growing state were voltage-clamped by the whole-cell patch-clamp method. The MC3T3-E1 cells exhibited a transient, fast-inactivating Ca inward current upon depolarizing pulses from a holding potential of -80 mV. This current had a threshold of activation of about -50 mV and was insensitive to the dihydropyridine, nifedipine. These results show that MC3T3-E1 cells ...

The spontaneous firing patterns of striatal cholinergic interneurons are sculpted by potassium currents that give rise to prominent afterhyperpolarizations (AHPs). Large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channel currents contribute to action potential (AP) repolarization; small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel currents generate an apamin-sensitive medium AHP (mAHP) aft...