Research on the use and users of online catalogs conducted in the early 1980s found that subject searches were the most common form of online catalog search. At the same time, many of the problems experienced by online catalog users have been traced to difficulties with the subject access mechanisms of the online catalog. Numerous proposals have been made for methods intended to improve subject...

When attacking the German Enigma cipher machine during the 1930s, the Polish mathematician Marian Rejewski developed a catalog of disjoint cycles of permutations generated by Enigma indicators. By comparing patterns that resulted from message indicators with his catalog, Rejewski was able to determine the ground settings. Well, not quite—the mapping from the disjoint cycles to the ground settin...

We model strategic competition in a market with asymmetric information as a noncooperative game in which each seller competes for a buyer of unknown type by offering the buyer a catalog of products and prices. We call this game a catalog game. Our main objective is to show that catalog games have Nash equilibria. The Nash existence problem for catalog games is particularly contentious due to pa...

DIRECT is a project to obtain directly the distances to two Local Group galaxies, M31 and M33, which occupy a crucial position near the bottom of the cosmological distance ladder. As the first step of the DIRECT project we have searched for detached eclipsing binaries (DEBs) and new Cepheids in the M31 and M33 galaxies with 1m-class telescopes. In this eighth paper we present a catalog of varia...

Empirical studies have shown that, in many fields, product end users rather than product manufacturers are the first to prototype and apply innovations that later become the basis of important commercial products. This fundamental finding has the potential to significantly affect the way that product developers and market researchers go about the idea generation stages of new product and servic...

Adaptive traffic signals have had a checkered history in the U.S.A., and many professionals are unsure about whether the benefits justify the costs. The FHWA sponsored research into adaptive signals and several systems have now been developed to the stage where demonstration projects are underway (e.g., RHODES and OPAC). At the same time several adaptive systems (e.g., SCATS and SCOOT) have bee...