Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention interventions, such as preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), are often targeted to men who have sex with men (MSM) who self-report high-risk behaviors. Data from a prospective study evaluating methods to detect acute HIV infection among a primarily young (aged <25 years) and black or African American (African American) population from North Carolina were ...

The need for prophylaxis against venous thromboembolic disease following lower-extremity joint replacement is well documented and accepted. Although low molecular weight heparin is approved for inpatient and extended prophylaxis beyond the hospital environment, orthopedic surgeons must determine the duration of injectable low molecular weight heparin based on the period of venous thromboembolic...

malaria remains a complex problem during the pregnancy, which threatens > 35 millions pregnant women every year. malaria pathogenesis in pregnancy results in accumulation of infected rbcs in the intervillous spaces causing severe alterations leading to the reduced materno-foetal exchanges. in this article we have revisited the current evidences of clinical implications and overall burden of mal...

purpose: to evaluate the effect of preoperative eyelash trimming on periocular bacterial flora. methods: one hundred patients divided into two groups. fifty cases (group 1) had eyelash trimming prior to phacoemulsification and other fifty patients (group 2) did not. none of the study participants had been diagnosed as having an active ocular infection prior to surgery. patients taking topical a...

introduction : rabies is a disease that has been known since antiquity. it is a highly fatal acute disease of the central nervous system caused by a lyssavirus. prior to the discovery of the rabies vaccine, rabies-infected individuals fell victim to the delusions and superstitions associated with this disease. though it has been neglected in many regions of the world, rabies remains one of the ...

purpose: to describe the prophylactic patterns for endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in iran. methods: in this cross-sectional study, 486 ophthalmologists, members of iranian society of ophthalmology, who participated in the 20th annual meeting of ophthalmology in december 2010, tehran-iran, filled a self-administered questionnaire. a wide range of ophthalmologists, from all around the cou...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the costs and benefits of prophylaxis against travel acquired malaria, typhoid fever, and hepatitis A in United Kingdom residents during 1991. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of national epidemiological and economic data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence of travel associated infections in susceptible United Kingdom residents per visit; costs of prophylaxis provision from...

Sir—Toxoplasmosis is a disease that is highly transmissible to D ϩ /R Ϫ patients (i.e., patients who are seronegative for Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies and who receive a heart transplant from donors who are seropositive for T. gondii IgG antibodies). This disease, along with disseminated aspergillosis, is associated with the highest mortality rate attributable to an infectious complication i...

One of the more dramatic effects of antimicrobial chemotherapy has been its influence on the practice of modern surgeryl. The use of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis has been shown to prevent post-surgical wound and other infections. When employed rationally, significant reductions in morbidity and mortality as well as savings in resources can be clearly demonstrated. However; when used exc...

Cytomegalovirus infection continues to be one of the leading causes of morbidity in transplant patients. Cytomegalovirus disease causes both direct and indirect effects, with special consideration being given to the latter in recent years. The indirect effects of cytomegalovirus disease include the viral syndrome and the symptoms resulting from direct invasion of the tissues by the virus. The i...