Photo 1. We focused our study on three species of small mammals known to consume fungi a regular basis. Eastern chipmunks (top left panel: Tamias striatus), southern red-backed voles right Myodes gapperi), and woodland jumping mice (bottom Napaeozapus insignis) consumed slightly different fungal communities. All were heavy consumers mycorrhizal species, such as this bolete panel) which contains...

A small molecule derived from a marine natural product with the ability to inhibit biofilm formation and also disperse established proteobacterial biofilms is presented.

As ferroporfirinas comerciais cloreto de 5,10,15,20-tetraquis-(4-carboxifenil) porfirinaferro(III), cloreto de 5,10,15,20-tetraquis-(N-metil-4-piridil)porfirinaferro(III) e cloreto de 5,10,15,20-tetraquis-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorofenil)porfirinaferro(III) foram investigadas como modelo do citocromo P450 na oxidação dos azo corantes Disperse Black 3 (DB3), Disperse Orange 3 (DO3) e Methyl Yellow (M...

BACKGROUND Functional redundancy has been debated largely in ecology and conservation, yet we lack detailed empirical studies on the roles of functionally similar species in ecosystem function. Large bodied frugivores may disperse similar plant species and have strong impact on plant recruitment in tropical forests. The two largest frugivores in the neotropics, tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) and m...

The challenge of analyzing dispersal in the seascape The exchange of individuals among populations through dispersal, or population connectivity, can profoundly influence the abundance and persistence of local populations (Simberloff and Wilson 1969). Population connectivity is influenced by environmental factors such as mountains, rivers, and habitat corridors that mediate the movement of orga...

To verify whether dyes emitted within the discharge of a dye processing plant were contributing to the mutagenicity repeatedly found in the Cristais River, Sao Paulo, Brazil, we chemically characterized the following mutagenic samples: the treated industrial effluent, raw and treated water, and the sludge produced by a Drinking Water Treatment Plant (DWTP) located approximately 6 km from the in...

Disperse or unite? A mathematical model of coordinated attack. By Joram op den Kelder Throughout the history of the western world a constant struggle has been taking place between governments and terrorist organisations. Game theory has proven helpful in enhancing our understanding of struggles between two players with opposing interests. The September 11 attacks on the USA in 2001 marked a pro...