Background: Absorption of non-haeme iron occurs mainly in the duodenum. It involves the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) in the uptake of ferrous Fe(II) iron and the basolateral transporter ferroportin/ IREG-1/MTP-1/SLC40A1 in its release. Whether ferroportin functions in this process at other sites in the enterocyte is unknown. In this study the effect of a blocking antibody to ferroportin ...

The liver, pancreas, and heart are particularly susceptible to iron-related disorders. These tissues take up plasma iron from transferrin or non-transferrin-bound iron, which appears during iron overload. Here, we assessed the effect of iron status on the levels of the transmembrane transporters, ZRT/IRT-like protein 14 and divalent metal-ion transporter-1, which have both been implicated in tr...

PURPOSE The L1 cell adhesion protein is overexpressed in tumors, such as neuroblastomas, renal cell carcinomas, ovarian carcinomas, and endometrial carcinomas, and represents a target for tumor diagnosis and therapy with anti-L1-CAM antibody chCE7. Divalent fragments of this internalizing antibody labeled with 67/64Cu and 177Lu were evaluated to establish a chCE7 antibody fragment for radioimmu...

This research demonstrates that it is the distance of fixed-charge separation in the resin which is the primary determinant of divalent/monovalent selectivity. Anion resins, particularly acrylics and epoxies, with closely spaced N-containing (amine) functional groups are inherently divalent-ion selective. This is because the uptake of a divalent anion, e.g. sulfate, requires the presence of two...

Diarrhea causes monovalent and divalent ion losses that can influence clinical outcome. Unlike the losses of monovalent ions, such as Na+, K+, Cl-, and [Formula: see text], which are generally large in quantity (osmoles) and therefore determine the severity of diarrhea, the losses of divalent ions are relatively small in osmoles and are often overlooked during diarrheal treatment. Studies now s...

For a connected graph G not isomorphic to a path, a cycle or a K1,3, let pc(G) denote the smallest integer n such that the nth iterated line graph Ln(G) is panconnected. A path P is a divalent path of G if the internal vertices of P are of degree 2 in G. If every edge of P is a cut edge of G, then P is a bridge divalent path of G; if the two ends of P are of degree s and t , respectively, then ...

Bacillus subtilis strains lacking penicillin-binding protein 1 (PBP1), encoded by ponA, required greater amounts of Mg2+ or Ca2+ for vegetative growth or spore outgrowth than the wild-type strain and strains lacking other high-molecular-weight (HMW) PBPs. Growth of ponA cells in a medium low in Mg2+ also resulted in greatly increased cell bending compared to wild-type cells or cells lacking oth...

background: infections attributed to helicobacter pylori ( h. pylori ) involve almost half of the world's population. one of the effects is auto-antibody induction and cross-reaction with numerous proteins in the body. as a result of its widespread prevalence and importance, this study evaluates the associations between h. pylori and thyroid auto-antibodies. materials and methods: this study en...

background and aims: toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease which may cause some laboratory symptoms in infected individuals. one of the main ways of transmition this organism is placenta to fetus pathway. if this transmission occurs in the 3th month of pregnancy, the abortion, central nerve system and ocular disorder will happen. because of this issue, the precise technique for detection of toxo...

We have found that Mg++ supports IgM complex binding to mouse lymphocytes but not to macrophages. In contrast, Ca++ supports IgM complex binding to macrophages but not lymphocytes. IgG complex binding to both lymphocytes and macrophages is divalent cation independent. These findings allow one to distinguish IgG from IgM binding and macrophage from lymphocyte IgM complex binding by their differe...