PURPOSE Historically, treatment of malignant surface lesions has been achieved with linear accelerator based electron beams or superficial x-ray beams. Recent developments in the field of brachytherapy now allow for the treatment of surface lesions with specialized conical applicators placed directly on the lesion. Applicators are available for use with high dose rate (HDR)(192)Ir sources, as w...

Abstract Introduction: Thanks to modern IGRT procedures, it is possible track changes in the patient's anatomy and thus calculate dose distribution for current anatomical conditions of patient. This allows scheduled be compared with delivered dose. In case large discrepancies, improve treatment plan. Radiotherapy, during which plan modified, resulting from anatomy, referred as adaptive radiothe...