introduction evaluation of the delivered dose of externally wedged photon beams by external diode dosimeters during the treatment process requires the estimation of exit surface dose correction factors in various wedge angles and field sizes. materials and methods a system of absorbed dose evaluation, using p-type diode dosimeters placed on the exit surface of a phantom, was characterized for e...

Background: A new biological dosimeter based on methemoglobin level was developed in this study. Materials and Methods: Methemoglobin level in erythrocytes from mice subjected to &gamma rays from a 60Co source was detected using the methemoglobin kit. The dose range was from 0.5 to 8 Gy and the dose rate was 0.5 Gy/min. Results: The results demonstrate that methemoglobin level increases with in...

introduction: esophageal cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers in iran and having a  high  incidence  rate  among  other  countries.  radiotherapy  is  one  of  the  three  methods  (surgery,  radiotherapy and chemotherapy) for radical or palliative treatment of esophageal cancer. in this method  of treatment, the organs such as heart and spinal cord are regarded as organs at r...

introduction radiation exposures from diagnostic medical examinations are generally low and are almost always justified by the benefits of accurate diagnosis of possible disease conditions. therefore, entrance skin dose (esd), body organ dose (bod), and effective dose (ed) from adult patients undergoing routine thorax posterior-anterior (pa) and thorax right lateral (rlat) were estimated in uni...

background: changes in body composition may be used for monitoring progression/ regression of a disease. prompt γ-rays in vivo neutron activation analysis (ivnaa) has been widely used for the measurement of body composition in recent years. objective: in this paper, we tried to improve the safety of ivnaa operator. methods: the most important factor for reducing the operator receiving dose is t...

background: the rejected films in radiography may be responsible for an unnecessary increase in the radiation dose to the population. the effective dose to population is a very important factor in estimation of stochastic risk in radiology. the main goal of this study was to determine the effective dose to members of the public due to rejected films in diagnostic radiology departments in the no...

introduction international commission on radiological protection (icrp) has provided a comprehensive discussion on threshold dose for radiation-induced cataract in icrp publication 116. accordingly, various parts of the eye lens have different radio-sensitivities. recently, some studies have been performed to develop a realistic eye model with the aim of providing accurate estimation of fluence...