How can dangerous interference with the climate system be avoided? Science can help decision-makers answer this political question. Earlier publications have focused on the probability of keeping global mean temperature change below certain thresholds by stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations at particular levels. We compare the results of such ‘‘stabilization profiles’’ with a set of ‘‘peak...

This is a descriptive, quantitative, and hypotheses testing study conducted on entrepreneurial and professional CEOs. This study has a particular interest in small medium enterprises (SMEs) because it constitutes the core of our economy and is a major factor of social composition. The purpose of present study is to investigate and explore differences on the motivational profile of Pakistani ent...

introduction: esophageal cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers in iran and having a  high  incidence  rate  among  other  countries.  radiotherapy  is  one  of  the  three  methods  (surgery,  radiotherapy and chemotherapy) for radical or palliative treatment of esophageal cancer. in this method  of treatment, the organs such as heart and spinal cord are regarded as organs at r...

introduction radiation exposures from diagnostic medical examinations are generally low and are almost always justified by the benefits of accurate diagnosis of possible disease conditions. therefore, entrance skin dose (esd), body organ dose (bod), and effective dose (ed) from adult patients undergoing routine thorax posterior-anterior (pa) and thorax right lateral (rlat) were estimated in uni...

background: intraoperative radiation therapy (iort) technique is used to treat a surgically exposed tumor or tumor bed in the treatment of locally advanced intraabdominal, retroperitoneal, pelvic, thoracic, breast and soft tissue tumors. one way to perform iort is to use an existing linac and modify the treatment head using an applicator system. in this study the objectives were to design, and ...

background: changes in body composition may be used for monitoring progression/ regression of a disease. prompt γ-rays in vivo neutron activation analysis (ivnaa) has been widely used for the measurement of body composition in recent years. objective: in this paper, we tried to improve the safety of ivnaa operator. methods: the most important factor for reducing the operator receiving dose is t...

The paper deals with the results of an investigation of the release of selected amino acids (histidine, tryptophan, tyrosine) from model suspensions prepared by co-precipitation with zinc chloride. It has been proven that the influence of the Zn(II)/amino acid molar ratio on dissolution profiles of the tested amino acids and dissolution half-life (t1/2) of histidine or tryptophan is significant...

Meiofaunal assemblages in undisturbed box-core samples of sublittoral sediment were subjected to 4 dose levels of pollutants (copper and hydrocarbons) in a mesocosm experiment designed for the GEEP Workshop. Multivariate analyses of species abundance data for nematodes and copepods showed only marqnal differences in species composition between treatments at the end of the experiment, principall...

Although there are many works on evaluating dose calculations of the anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA) using various homogeneous and heterogeneous phantoms, related work concerning dosimetry due to tangential photon beam is lacking. In this study, dosimetry predicted by the AAA and collapsed cone convolution (CCC) algorithm was evaluated using the tangential photon beam and phantom geometr...

Introduction: Rectal and bladder cancer are the most common disease among young man. Although External Radiotherapy (EBRT) is one of the most effective treatment options introduced so far, the testis undesired radiation dose increases the risk of infertility and hormonal malfunctioning. The testicles are usually outside of the radiation field, but they can be exposed either to ...