dHAND and eHAND are basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors that play critical roles in cardiac development. The HAND genes have a complementary left-right cardiac asymmetry of expression with dHAND predominantly on the right side and eHAND on the left side of the looped heart tube. Here we show that although eHAND is asymmetrically expressed along the anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral...

AIMS The aim of our study was to define the optimal geometric model for two-dimensional volumetry of the right ventricle and its clinical validation. METHODS AND RESULTS It has been shown in previous reports that an ellipsoidal shell model best reflects the complex right ventricular geometry. We investigated 82 patients without tricuspid regurgitation and intracardiac shunt. Measurements of r...

∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Barreiro). limiting dyspnea he underwent reoperation at the age of 29. A double-inlet ventricle, transposition of the great arteries, severe pulmonary valve stenosis and a classic Blalock-Taussig shunt with suture stenosis were described in the report of this operation. At that time a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (Gore-...

1 of 2 DESCRIPTION A murmur was noted in a 2-year-old patient who was otherwise asymptomatic. The patient was born by caesarean section at 37 weeks gestation. No signifi cant family history was present. Clinical examination revealed a continuous murmur at the sternal edge. Echocardiography did not reveal any abnormality. Cardiac catheterisation revealed a communication between the right coronar...

Background/Introduction Anomalies of ventriculoarterial connection with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction such as transposition of the great arteries, double-outlet right ventricle, double-outlet left ventricle, and Taussig-Bing anomaly had a wide variety of spectrum, and several operative techniques have been performed according to diverse an...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: AV: Atrio-Ventricular; AVD: Atrio-Ventricular Delay; AVI: Atrio-Ventricular Interval; CO: Cardiac Output; CRT: Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy; DDD: Dual Chamber Pacemaker with Dual Pacing-Dual Sensing-Dual Response to Heart Rate; ECG: Electrocardiogram; EF: Ejection Fraction; IQR: Interquartile Range; LA: Left Atrium; LAP: Left Atr...