We have devised a simple, yet predictive model of the mechanics of both sculling and sweep rowing that reasonably mimics observed kinematic and force data. Our physical model is largely based upon the model proposed by Alexander [Alexander, F. H. (1925). The theory of rowing. In Proceedings of the University of Durham Philosophical Society (pp. 160-179).]. The model's primary features include: ...

electric vehicles (evs) have gained the attention of many authorities, automakers and researchers due to their considerable energy saving and emission reduction. one of the main issues that must be considered in design of a road vehicle is the calculation of aerodynamic forces. this issue also must be scrutinized in the design of evs. installation of rear spoiler is one of the solutions propose...

in this study, the characteristics of the wake around a rotating circular cylinder have been investigated experimentally. to this end, a cylinder with a circular cross-section of plexiglas with the length of 400 mm and a diameter of 20 mm have been tested in the wind tunnel. using existing methods, the characteristics of the wake and the drag coefficients of the model in different cases have be...

This paper proposes a modified particle swarm optimization method with non linearly decreasing inertia weight (MPSO-NDIW) and time varying acceleration coefficients. In this MPSO-NDIW method, proper control of the global exploration and local exploitation is done in finding the optimum solution efficiently. In the early stage, full range of search space is allowed for search by the PSO algorith...

Simulations of the interaction between a vortex and a NACA0012 airfoil are performed with a stable, high-order accurate (in space and time), multi-block finite-difference solver for the compressible NavierStokes Equations. We begin by computing a benchmark test case to validate the code. Next, the flow with steady inflow conditions are computed on several different grids. The resolution of the ...

Recently, increase in the cost of fossil fuels and taking into consideration the environmental effects of exploiting them, caused many researchers and governments to find some ways to make use of renewable energies more cost-effectively. Solar energy is a category of renewable energies which could be harvested via several technologies. One of the most practical methods is using parabolic trough...

An efficient method of solution is developed for the Warner and McIntyre parameterization of the drag associated with nonhydrostatic non-orographic inertia–gravity waves. The scheme is sufficiently fast as to enable, for the first time, fully interactive multi-year climate simulations that include the effects of rotation and nonhydrostatic wave dynamics in the parameterization of non-orographic...

A fair curve with exceptional properties, called the log-aesthetic curves (LAC) has been extensively studied for aesthetic design implementations. However, its implementation in terms of functional design, particularly hydrodynamic remains mostly unexplored. This study examines effect shape parameter ? LAC on drag generated an incompressible fluid flow, simulated using a semi-implicit backward ...

Convection and fluidization phenomena in vibrated granular beds have attracted a strong interest from the physics community since the last decade of the past century. As early reported by Faraday, the convective flow of large inertia particles in vibrated beds exhibits enigmatic features such as frictional weakening and the unexpected influence of the interstitial gas. At sufficiently intense v...