Drug molecules with lack of specificity and solubility lead patients to take high doses of the drug to achieve sufficient therapeutic effects. This is a leading cause of adverse drug reactions, particularly for drugs with narrow therapeutic window or cytotoxic chemotherapeutics. To address these problems, there are various functional biocompatible drug carriers available in the market, which ca...

• Mathematical model for dissolution of a polydisperse collection binary granules. Full accounts radial variation in drug and porosity distributions. Reduced when initial concentration greatly exceeds solubility. Model single granule size validated against experimental data. Accurate mechanistic vitro models can deliver insight into release behaviour guide formulation development. Drug profiles...

The objective of this study was to demonstrate that asymmetric membrane capsules can be used to deliver a poorly water soluble drug with a pH dependent solubility, such as carvedilol, for extended periods of time by modulating solubility with acid. In this study, the effect of the concentration of pH regulating agent and osmotic agents on the release rate of the active material was investigated...

PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of transscleral drug delivery to the choroid and retina. METHODS An osmotic pump was used to deliver IgG across the sclera of pigmented rabbits, and levels were measured in the choroid, retina, vitreous humor, aqueous humor, orbit, and plasma over 28 days. This method was then used to deliver an anti-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) monoclonal ...

For the past few decades, there has been a considerable research interest in the area of drug delivery using particulate delivery systems as carriers for small and large molecules. Particulate systems like nanoparticles have been used as a physical approach to alter and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of various types of drug molecules. They have been used in vivo to ...

Neutrophils are key effector cells in inflammation and play an important role in neutralizing invading pathogens. During inflammation resolution, neutrophils undergo apoptosis before they are removed by macrophages, but if apoptosis is delayed, neutrophils can cause extensive tissue damage and chronic disease. Promotion of neutrophil apoptosis is a potential therapeutic approach for treating pe...

PURPOSE Endoluminal application of mitomycin C shows promise as a nonsurgical approach to treating recalcitrant stricture but requires precise delivery to prevent mitomycin-mediated injury to adjacent normal mucosa. We describe a novel technique that uses a microporous polytetrafluoroethylene catheter balloon to endoluminally deliver mitomycin C to the target tissue while minimizing nontarget d...

The International AIDS Society-USA (IAS-USA) Drug Resistance Mutations Group is marking 5 years as an independent volunteer panel of experts focused on identifying key HIV-1 drug resistance mutations. The goal of the effort is to quickly deliver accurate and unbiased information on these mutations to HIV clinical practitioners. The October/November 2005 version of the IAS-USA Drug Resistance Mu...