The pharmacokinetics of the antimalarial artemisinin exhibited an unusual time dependency during a 7-day oral daily regimen of 500 mg in 10 healthy, male Vietnamese adults. Artemisinin areas under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) decreased to 34% (median) by day 4 with a further decrease by day 7 to only 24% of values obtained after the first day of administration. In seven subjects re...

Opiates, chiefly morphine, are commonly known as the best drugs for relief of pain, but due to development of tolerance and the physical or mental dependency the use of these drugs are restricted. Several neuroendocrine complications including diabetes change the antinociception of morphine and the development of tolerance and dependency to this drug. The withdrawal signs in diabetic rats signi...

BACKGROUND: The costs of substance abuse in the USA are enormous and varied. Seldom are they comprehensively assessed. A new study jointly published by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (NIAAA) has done just this. AIMS: Researchers for the economic cost of alcohol and drug abuse in the United States, 1992 used systematic cost-...

We address a specific case of joint probability mapping, where the information presented is the probabilistic associations of random variables under a certain condition variable (conditioned associations). Bayesian and dependency networks graphically map the joint probabilities of random variables, though both networks may identify associations that are independent of the condition (background ...

Drug resistance is a significant obstacle to effective cancer treatment. develops from initially reversible drug-tolerant cells, which offer therapeutic opportunities impede relapse. The mechanisms of proteasome inhibitor (PI) therapy have been investigated intensively, however the ways by cells orchestrate their adaptive responses drug challenges remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated t...

Interactions between drugs can occur when two or more are used for the same patient. This may result in changes drug’s pharmacological activity, some of which beneficial and harmful. Thus, identifying possible drug–drug interactions (DDIs) has always been a crucial research topic field clinical pharmacology. As trials time-consuming expensive, current approaches predicting DDIs mainly based on ...

Family Drug Courts Family drug courts (FDCs) are specialized courts within the justice system, which handle cases of child abuse and neglect that involve substance use by the child’s parents or guardians (Brook et al. 2015; Chuang et al. 2012). FDCs are one method of addressing parental substance use disorders and parenting issues within the court and child welfare systems, using a collaborativ...