This paper unifies power optimization approaches in various energy converters, such as: thermal, solar, chemical, and electrochemical engines, in particular fuel cells. Thermodynamics leads to converter’s efficiency and limiting power. Efficiency equations serve to solve problems of upgrading and downgrading of resources. While optimization of steady systems applies the differential calculus an...

Possible faults existing in electronic diesel fuel injection control (EDC) systems include rack deformation, solenoid valve failure, and rack-travel sensor malfunction. Among these problems, the solenoid failure is the most likely to occur for in-use diesel engines. This paper focuses on developing the algorithm that can clearly classify the usability of a solenoid valve without disassembling t...

Non-road diesel engines are significant contributors to air pollution in the United States (USEPA, 2004). These engines emit particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and other pollutants. The Clean Air Non-road Diesel Rule was put in place to reduce emission levels from agricultural, construction, and industrial diesel powered equipment. This rule calls for a reduct...

The demands placed on vehicles are constantly increasing. European legislation has forced commercial vehicle manufacturers to develop ever more powerful and dynamic engines with low fuel consumption. With the appearance of exhaust gas standards, truck realized that it was necessary improve supply system so combustion process efficient. To achieve this injected into cylinders had be finer in ord...

In today’s scenario, researchers around the world are looking for ways to develop alternate forms of fuel. With the ever-rising fuel costs, developing alternate energy is a top priority. Biodiesel was developed to combat the high gas and oil prices. It is especially made for use in diesel cars and trucks. Biodiesel can be made from all Natural foods that can produce oil. Virtually all oils that...

Dual fuel combustion depicts a possible alternative to reduce emissions from large engines and is characterized by injecting small amount of diesel into lean natural gas–air mixture. Thereby, the presence autoignition, diffusive premixed determine high complexity this process. In work, an Extended Coherent Flame Model was adapted consider effect gas on ignition delay time. This model afterward ...

Turbocharged (TC) spark-ignited (SI) engines are popular as they combine high power output with good fuel economy. Furthermore, their emissions can be successfully reduced using a three way catalyst (TWC) provided that the airfuel ratio is precisely controlled. As the air-fuel ratio depends on the precision of the air charge estimate, this thesis is devoted to the systematic improvement of the ...

An experimental study is performed to investigate the fuel impingement on cylinder walls and piston top inside a directinjection spark-ignition engine with optical access to the cylinder. Three different fuels, namely, E85, E50 and gasoline are used in this work. E85 represents a blend of 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline by volume. Experiments are performed at different load condition...

This paper deals with highlighting the improvisations in the working of a two-wheeled four stroke internal combustion engines. The efficiency of these small engines were enhanced with increased power output just by increasing the number of fuel igniting element i.e. Spark Plug. Conventional engines employed a single spark plug in its engine for igniting the mixture of fuel and air. But to have ...