This paper presents theoretical and empirical results on the optimal search for genetic traits within a crop gene bank. Three specific questions are posed and answered, using data on the distributions of resistance genes and on the costs and benefits of search. First, we ask what is the optimal size of search for a trait of economic value? Second, what is the value of specialized knowledge abou...

Multidrug resistance protein Mrp2 (symbol Abcc2) in liver plays a significant role in the biliary excretion of organic anionic conjugates. Mutations in human MRP2 result in defects in excretion of conjugated bilirubin and other cholephiles known as the Dubin-Johnson syndrome. Previous studies indicate that transporters with Mrp2-like functions are present in ancient vertebrates. We have now cha...

The American College of Cardiology requests that this document be cited as follows: Dubin AM, Walsh EP, Franklin W, Kanter RJ, Saul JP Shah MJ, Van Hare GF, Vincent JA. Task force 4: pediatric car diology fellowship training in electrophysiology. J Am Coll Cardio 2015;66:706–11. This article is copublished in Circulation. Copies: This document is available on the World Wide Web sites of the Soc...

MRP2 encoded by ABCC2 gene is involved in the secretion of numerous drugs and endogenous substrates. Patients with Dubin-Johnson syndrome due to mutation in ABCC2 gene have elevated urinary coproporphyrin ratio (UCP I/(I + III)). Here we investigated whether this ratio could serve as a biomarker of MRP2 function. Phenotype-genotype relationships were studied in 74 healthy subjects by measuring ...

Haemochromatosis is a disease occurring predominantly in men, and characterized by excessive deposition of iron in the tissues, coexisting with skin pigmentation and hepatic, pancreatic, and testicular fibrosis. The condition is described by Sheldon (1935) in whose monograph 311 cases are reviewed. Parenteral iron given in excess of requirements will be deposited in the tissues, since, with the...

Wilson's disease (hepato-lenticular degeneration) is now known to be associated with an inborn error of metabolism. The following biochemical abnormalities have been repeatedly confirmed in patients suffering from the disease (Scheinberg, 1956; Bickel, Neale, and Hall, 1957): Increased content of copper in the liver, brain, and other tissues, increased urinary excretion of copper, a decreased l...

Hepatobiliary transport systems mediate hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of bile acids, bilirubin and other biliary constituents. Hereditary or acquired defects of these transporters may cause or maintain cholestasis and jaundice under various clinical conditions including progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) 1-3 or its milder forms, benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis...

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