The phenomenon of northern pile dwellings has been found in different geographical zones and landscapes the Circum-Baltic region: sea on shores inland lakes rivers. Inland sites were established specific lacustrine landscapes, appearing within former post-glacial basins. revealed here are characterized by types wooden buildings, including structures with raised floors. They dated to 4th millenn...

A total of 123 water samples were examined in parallel by culture and semi-nested PCR for the presence of Legionella. They comprised: 35 samples of hot water distributed by the urban municipal water supply system (MWSS) taken in institutions, 45 samples of hot water distributed by urban MWSS taken in dwellings, 27 samples of cold water distributed by rural MWSS taken in dwellings, and 16 sample...

OBJECTIVE To assess health risks associated with inhalation exposure to formaldehyde and benzene mainly emitted from building and decoration materials in newly remodeled indoor spaces in Beijing. METHODS We tested the formaldehyde and benzene concentrations in indoor air of 410 dwellings and 451 offices remodeled within the past year, in which the occupants had health concerns about indoor ai...

This paper describes a current multi-disciplinary UK funded research project aimed at developing a hygrothermal model of house dust mite response to environmental conditions. The project involves the development of a transient hygrothermal bed model, which has been tested and validated by comparing its predictions with the environmental conditions measured in a bed in a test laboratory and in b...

BACKGROUND Housing environments that hinder performance of daily activities and impede participation in social life have negative health consequences particularly for the older segment of the population. From a public health perspective accessible housing that supports active and healthy ageing is therefore crucial. The objective of the present study was to make an inventory of environmental ba...

The early Miocene Murree Formation, late Miocene Nagri Formation and recent alluvium rock units are exposed in the sub-Himalayas of the Bagh area, State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. The Bagh area was badly affected by the Kashmir earthquake of October 8th 2005 which, along the Muzaffarabad Fault, deformed both the hanging and footwall blocks. The cracks, joints, fissures and fractures i...

BACKGROUND Chagas disease prevention critically depends on keeping houses free of triatomine vectors. Insecticide spraying is very effective, but re-infestation of treated dwellings is commonplace. Early detection-elimination of re-infestation foci is key to long-term control; however, all available vector-detection methods have low sensitivity. Chemically-baited traps are widely used in vector...

Background: Indoor radon gas (222Rn) has been recognized as one of the health hazards for human. Air radon comes mainly from basement soil and construction materials. Saghand region with rich uranium mines lies 180 km from Yazd, so the indoor radon concentration can be high. Yazd, with population of about 457000, is the biggest city near Saghand, thus, indoor gamma background radiation of Yazd ...

Abstract Previous full-scale fire studies revealed that the role of wind on spread between informal settlement dwellings was critical. However, influence conditions is currently understudied in literature. This study aimed to investigate effect external two with a distance 1 meter them. A parametric numerical analysis performed using computational fluid dynamics code Fire Dynamics Simulator. Th...

In this paper, we explore how London residents understand, live, and experience their dwellings. Growing evidence shows that existing housing stock in the UK performs poorly terms of functionality flexibility. Policy planning debates focus on potential benefits introducing standards for dwelling size while engaging less with broader questions to develop standards. Drawing an online survey (n = ...