In 1995, it is projected that there will be 183,400 new cases of breast cancer and 46,240 deaths from the disease, despite an emphasis on early detection [1]. Fewer than 10% of patients will present with metastatic disease, but nearly 50% of newly diagnosed patients may eventually develop it. Unfortunately, advanced breast cancer is incurable. In a classic study of untreated patients, the media...

Copyright © 2007 Massachusetts Medical Society. A healthy 33-year-old woman comes to establish care. She reports no breast symptoms, her age at menarche was 14, and she has no children. She notes a family history of early-onset breast cancer in her sister (whose condition was diagnosed at the age of 35 years and who is alive at 39 years), mother (diagnosed at 37 years and alive at 60 years), an...

abstract: introduction: this study was conducted to determine the outcomes of the project of ‘integration of breast cancer screening and early detection’ into primary health care (phc) system and to detect the incidence rate, mortality rate and the stage of reported breast cancers, during the timeframe of the project in shahre-kord. method: a prospective cohort study was conducted, reviewing me...

the focus of this study was to determine if early detection of mutant p53 accumulation may be an early indicator of tumor aggressiveness and transformation to invasive breast cancer. for this purpose, the p53 content of 100 human breast biopsies classified as ductal carcinoma (dcis), was evaluated by immunohistochemical method. all specimens were microscopically classified into histologic types...

Introduction Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women.  Early detection of breast cancer is the key to reducing the associated mortality rate. The presence of microcalcifications clusters (MCCs) is one of the earliest signs of breast cancer. Due to poor imaging contrast of mammograms and noise contamination, radiologists may overlook some diagnostic signs, specially t...

The transcription factor, FOXF2, plays an important role in tissue development, extracellular matrix synthesis, and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, implying that it may be associated with the metastatic capabilities of cancer cells. However, the relationship between FOXF2 expression and breast cancer progression, metastasis, and prognosis, remains to be elucidated. In this study, FOXF2 mRN...

Much research on early-onset breast cancer families has been performed and has shown that breast cancer in many of these families is linked to either BRCA1 or BRCA2. Fewer studies have examined the role of genetic predisposition in postmenopausal breast cancer. A nested case-control family study of breast cancer was conducted within the Iowa Women’s Health Study, a population-based prospective ...

In recent years, significant effort has been made to identify genes that influence breast cancer risk. Because the high-penetrance breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and 2 play a role only in a small fraction of breast cancer cases, understanding the genetic risk of the majority of breast cancers will require the identification and analysis of several lower penetrance genes. The estrogen-...