The most common measure by which the public sector at local, state or national level has affected the economic availability of alcoholic beverages is taxation in its different forms. These include, among others, setting excise duties or value added taxes on alcoholic beverages. Historically, the most common reason for taxing alcoholic beverages has been to acquire financial resources for the pu...

To investigate the time heterogeneity e¤ects of ...scal policy in the U.S., we use a non-recursive, Blanchard and Perotti-like structural VAR with time-varying parameters, estimated through Bayesian simulation over the 1965:2–2009:2 period. Our evidence suggests that ...scal policy has lost some capacity to stimulate output but that this trend is more pronounced for taxes net of transfers than ...

In the present paper general stationary overlapping generations economies with many commodities in every period and many different consumers in every generation are considered. A government maximizes a utilitarian social welfare function, which is the sum of weighted averages of utilities for generations, through fiscal policy, i.e., monetary transfers and taxes. Situations both with and withou...

Fiscal decentralisation can be defined as a two-dimensional policy institution that involves either decentralisation of a tax instrument, when local governments have the power to raise taxes, or decentralisation of expenditures when local governments bear the responsibility for implementing expenditure functions. The way in which fiscal decentralisation affects the "quality" of government activ...

The objective of this paper is to analyze the procedures used by multinational enterprises to distribute the income generated by their subsidiaries abroad. Also, the paper intends to answer the question how multinational firms allocate taxes paid on this income among the fiscal jurisdictions in which they operate. In this study, the analytic research method was applied, by revising the availabl...

This paper analyzes the growth impact of fiscal and institutional policies for alternative sizes of regions. The local government provides a public input that may be subject to relative congestion thus reducing its individual availability. Then private capital productivity is affected by the number of firms utilizing the governmental input. Institutional policies include the decision about the ...

This paper reconsiders the role of separation principles between monetary and fiscal policies which in ‘normal’ times are seen as being conducive to stable outcomes of policymaking. Such principles are discussed for both ordinary nation states (i.e. ‘single economies’, characterized by one monetary and one fiscal policy) and ‘monetary unions’ (characterized by one monetary and many fiscal polic...

During the 50 years in which The Gerontologist has been publishing, the politics of aging in the United States has undergone distinct changes. The political behavior of older individuals has remained largely the same even though different birth cohorts have succeeded each other in populating the ranks of older people. But the politics of policies on aging-the organized interest and advocacy gro...

Governments have long faced pressure to address the climate crisis by increasing taxes on fossil fuels. It is unclear how they responded. Fossil fuel and subsidies are hard measure often hidden in complex policy instruments. We collect analyze an original high-frequency of gasoline subsidies, covering 157 countries. Our analysis yields three findings: despite rising alarm about change, from 200...