Use of scientific evidence aids in ensuring that public health interventions have the best possible health and economic return on investment. We describe use of academic journals by state health department chronic disease prevention staff to find public health evidence. We surveyed more than 900 state health department staff from all states and the District of Columbia. Participants identified ...

Older adults use public and private services, as well as personal resources, to meet nutritional needs. In-depth interviews conducted with 73 service providers and community experts in two rural North Carolina counties were analyzed for these experts' perceptions of barriers to adequate nutrition for older adults. Perceived barriers included characteristics of the county and programs, transport...

Hard times give rise to greater demand for protection. International trade rules include provisions that allow for raising barriers to aid industries when they suffer economic injury. Yet widespread use of flexibility measures may undermine the trade system and worsen economic conditions. How do states balance these conflicting pressures? This article assesses the effect of crises on cooperatio...

This article describes major topics discussed from the 'Economics of Physical Inactivity Consensus Workshop' (EPIC), held in Vancouver, Canada, in April 2011. Specifically, we (1) detail existing evidence on effective physical inactivity prevention strategies; (2) introduce economic evaluation and its role in health policy decisions; (3) discuss key challenges in establishing and building healt...

To bridge the gap between scientific evidence and patient care we need an in-depth understanding of the barriers and incentives to achieving change in practice. Various theories and models for change point to a multitude of factors that may affect the successful implementation of evidence. However, the evidence for their value in the field is still limited. When planning complex changes in prac...

This article addresses under-acknowledged barriers of structural violence and discrimination that interfere with women's capacity to realize their human rights generally, and their right to adequate food and nutrition in particular. Case studies from Georgia and South Africa illustrate the need for a human rights-based approach to food and nutrition security that prioritizes non-discrimination,...

The paper considers the location of two industries in two countries. Both industries are imperfectly competitive, producing goods for final consumption and use as intermediates. Intermediate usage creates cost and demand linkages between firms, encouraging industrial agglomeration. With high trade barriers each industry operates in both locations in order to supply final consumers. At lower tra...

Tn applying cooperative game theory to economic problems of exchange, it is standard to assume that all logically possible coalitions may form. However, because of institutional, legal, or physical barriers, it may in fact be impossible for certain sets of agents to communicate or trade with one another directly. It would seem worthwhile to recognize this and to analyze the impact of such barri...

The Internet of Things (IoT), in which virtually all physical things become connected to the internet, promises enormous economic potential. The IoT might disrupt entire industries and it forces companies to rethink their current business activities. In light of these challenges, research on business model innovation (BMI) can offer promising insights. This research paper aims to contribute to ...

Red-tape barriers (RTBs) are an important source of trade costs, but have received little attention in the trade literature. In this paper we take a first step toward a theory of RTBs, and show that their implications can be very different from those of more traditional trade barriers. The model highlights that RTBs have important impacts on the extensive margin of trade, and yields rich compar...