Bacteria use a number of resistance mechanisms to counter the antibacterial challenge, and one of these is the expression of transmembrane protein-based efflux pumps which can pump out antibacterials from within the cells, thus lowering the antibacterial concentration to nonlethal levels. For example, in S. aureus, the NorA pump can pump out the antibacterial alkaloid berberine and ciprofloxaci...

BACKGROUND While copper has essential functions as an enzymatic co-factor, excess copper ions are toxic for cells, necessitating mechanisms for regulating its levels. The cusCBFA operon of E. coli encodes a four-component efflux pump dedicated to the extrusion of Cu(I) and Ag(I) ions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We have solved the X-ray crystal structure of CusC, the outer membrane compone...

ET-07. DOES OSMOTIC BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER DISRUPTION ALLOWS EFFLUX PUMP SUBSTRATES DELIVERY TO THE

Background: Meropenem resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is considered an increasing problem. Efflux pump one multiple mechanisms that are responsible for this resistance. This study aimed to phenotypically and genotypically detect prevalence efflux mediated meropenem among P. isolates. Methods: Pseudomonas was isolated from different clinical specimens identified by conventio...