Climatological background Life in the semiarid Sahel belt of tropical North Africa strongly depends on the availability of water and has been repeatedly affected by shifts to more arid climate. The most recent drought occurred in the early 1970’s and 1980’s, with partial recovery during the late 1990’s. High resolution fluvial sediments off Senegal offer the opportunity to study the history of ...

We report on the discovery of a variable radio source, VLA J070238.0+385044, associated with the proposed x-ray counterpart, 1SAX J0702.6+3850 of GRB 980329. The source was monitored from one day after the burst to one month later at its variability, compactness and spectrum, we identify VLA J070238.0+385044 as the afterglow from GRB 980329. We interpret the rapid flux density variations as int...

Lysosome-specific fluorescent probes are exclusive to elucidate the functions of lysosomal thiols. Moreover, two-photon microscopy offers advantages of less phototoxicity, better three dimensional spatial localization, deeper penetration depth and lower self-absorption. However, such fluorescent probes for thiols are still rare. In this work, an efficient two-photon fluorophore 1,8-naphthalimid...

We report our discovery and early time optical, near-infrared, and radio wavelength follow-up observations of the afterglow of the gamma-ray burst GRB021211. Our optical observations, beginning 21min after the burst trigger, demonstrate that the early afterglow of this burst is roughly three magnitudes fainter than the afterglow of GRB990123 at similar epochs, and fainter than almost all known ...

The military use of depleted uranium initiated the need for an efficient and reliable method to detect and quantify DU contamination in environmental samples. This paper presents such a method, based on the gamma spectroscopic determination of 238U and 235U. The main advantage of this method is that it allows for a direct determination of the U isotope ratio, while requiring little sample prepa...

Of the many concepts that Freud bequeathed us, few have proved as elusive as narcissism. In his first systematic exposition of this concept, Freud (1914) stated, that the term narcissism was coined to refer to a paraphilia in which one takes one's own body, rather than another person, as a sexual object. He proceeded, however, to redefine narcissism not as a disorder of sexual object choice but...

Motivating people to contribute knowledge to others has become a major challenge in knowledge management. To help understand knowledge contribution in virtual communities (VCs)—a popular area for knowledge sharing, this study investigates individuals’ motivations to contribute knowledge based on the nature of knowledge contribution behavior. In particular, the influences of two key moderating v...

The purpose of this study is to contribute a better understanding the drivers international giving intention by examining joint effect ethnocentrism and donation motives. More specifically, analyzes direct charitable on give causes. Additionally, investigates moderating relationships between motives donate This study's findings indicate that ethnocentric donors are less willing Moreover, result...