The first step of medical treatment is the diagnosis. This investigation is focused on some fundamental mathematical and physical characteristics of such diagnostic tool, namely the Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT), a subject of great scientific and public interest (Holder, 2005; Brown, 2003; Lionheart, 2004). The basic EIT’s assumption is that different biological tissues can be distingui...

This paper proposes a novel multi-label classification method for resolving the spacecraft electrical characteristics problems which involve many unlabeled test data processing, high-dimensional features, long computing time and identification of slow rate. Firstly, both the fuzzy c-means (FCM) offline clustering and the principal component feature extraction algorithms are applied for the feat...

The electrical characteristics of a photoelectric Franck-Hertz cell are measured in argon gas over a wide range of pressure, covering conditions where elastic collisions play an important role, as well as conditions where ionization becomes significant. Photoelectron pulses are induced by the fourth harmonic UV light of a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser. The electron kinetics, which is far more compl...

Quantum-effects will play an important role in both future CMOS and 'beyond CMOS' technologies. By comparing single-electron transistors formed in un-patterned, uniform-width silicon nanowire (SiNW) devices with core widths from ∼5-40 nm, and gated lengths of 1 μm and ∼50 nm, we show conditions under which these effects become significant. Coulomb blockade drain-source current-voltage character...

Silicon nanowires (Si NWs) will likely revolutionize a wide variety of applications ranging from field-effect transistors (FETs) and other nanoelectronics to chemical and biological sensing, and even solar cells. These nanowire devices must be integrated with more traditional electronic or optical components to make a complete usable system, which will probably require standard silicon clean-ro...

We compared the effects of four treatment variables on the pain reduction produced by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and attempted to establish indications for TENS based on patient history and pain evaluation items. Treatment variables were the therapist and the three TENS stimulus characteristics--pulse width, frequency, and amplitude. We randomly assigned 192 consecutive adult p...

Electrical characteristics and their changes during activation were studied with the microelectrodes on the oocytes and eggs of the toad, Bufo vulgaris formosus Boulenger. In young oocytes, the membrane characteristics had some similarities to those of nerve and muscle, except for a relatively large resistance of 25 K ohmcm.(2) and an absence of the action potential in the former. After maturat...

The membrane potential in the blastomeres of dividing Triturus egg cells increases progressively from the first cleavage to the late morula stages. Both the animal and vegetal poles show the same increasing trend in potential; there is no significant potential difference between them. Upon first cell cleavage, the total resistance of the egg cell surface in contact with the exterior decreases t...

Hafnium oxide and Hafnium oxynitrides thin films are deposited on a Si substrate using reactive sputtering. Compared with Hafnium dioxide, Hafnium oxynitrides showed excellent electrical characteristics such as low leakage current density and low capacitance equivalent oxide thickness. By X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), we were able to confirm nitrogen incorporation in the oxide bulk an...

The tubular ascidian heart is composed of a single layer of cells joined together by apical (zonulae occludentes) and spot (maculae occludentes) nexuses. Intercalated discs or desmosomes were not observed in this tissue. Rectangular pulses of current were applied across the opened and flattened myocardium. Assuming that all the transepithelial current flowed through a uniform gap between cells,...