A canonical relativistic formulation is introduced to quantize electromagnetic field in the presence of a polarizable and magnetizable moving medium. The medium is modeled by a continuum of the second rank antisymmetric tensors in a phenomenological way. The covariant wave equation for the vector potential and the covariant constitutive equation of the medium are obtained as the EulerLagrange e...

The communication devices utilized the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum outside the visible region has been employed for communication by the use of radio wave. A two port Square Microstrip Patch Antenna is investigated in this paper. The antenna was designed for operating in S band (2 – 4 GHz) frequency range with a circular polarization. Microstrip patch a...

Abstract We investigate electronically excited atoms in a magnetic guide. It turns out that the Hamiltonian describing this system possesses a wealth of both unitary as well as antiunitary symmetries that constitute an uncommon extensive symmetry group. One consequence is the two-fold degeneracy of any energy level. The spectral properties are investigated for a wide range of field gradients an...

A general approach to the analysis of optical properties of photonic crystals based on multiple-quantum-well structures is developed. The effect of the polarization state and a nonperpendicular incidence of the electromagnetic wave is taken into account by introduction of an effective excitonic susceptibility and an effective optical width of the quantum wells. This approach is applied to consi...

In this article, we review recent developments in the field of surface electromagnetic wave holography. The holography principle is used as a tool to solve an inverse engineering problem consisting of designing novel plasmonic interfaces to excite either surface waves or free-space beams with any desirable field distributions. Leveraging on the new nanotechnologies to carve subwavelength featur...

A remarkable property of one-dimensional alldielectric periodic structures has recently been reported, namely a one-dimensional lattice can totally reflect electromagnetic wave of any polarization at all angles within a prescribed frequency region. Unlike their metallic counterpart, such all-dielectric omnidirectional mirrors are nearly free of loss at optical frequencies. Here we discuss the p...

The mode expansion offers a general framework for the analysis of the interaction between antennas and propagation channels. In this paper, the Mean Effective Gain (MEG) of an antenna is expressed in terms of the spherical vector wave expansion of the electromagnetic field. An explicit expression of the MEG is provided as a function of the normalized average power of modes excited in the propag...

A theoretical description of nucleon knockout reactions initiated by polarized electron scattering from polarized nuclei is presented. Explicit expressions for the complete set of reduced response functions (independent of the polarization angle) that can be experimentally obtained assuming plane waves for the electron are given in a general multipole expansion. The formalism is applied to the ...

A theoretical description of nucleon knockout reactions initiated by polarized electron scattering from polarized nuclei is presented. Explicit expressions for the complete set of reduced response functions (independent of the polarization angle) that can be experimentally obtained assuming plane waves for the electron are given in a general multipole expansion. The formalism is applied to the ...