Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy (TIRFM) is an elegant optical technique that provides for the excitation of fluorophores in an extremely thin axial region ("optical section"). The method is based on the principle that when excitation light is totally internally reflected in a transparent solid (e.g., coverglass) at its interface with liquid, an electromagnetic field, ca...

The phase matrix and several quantities for single scattering by an arbitrarily oriented circular cylinder are formulated by using the approximation of ray optics, which includes geometrical reflection and refraction plus Fraunhofer diffraction; then the effects of polarization are considered. Computations were made using electromagnetic wave theory and ray optics approximations for m = 1.31-0....

Metasurfaces with sub-wavelength features are useful in modulating the phase, amplitude or polarization of electromagnetic fields. While several applications are reported for light manipulation and control, the sharp phase changes would be useful in enhancing the beam shifts at reflection from a metasurface. In designed periodic patterns on metal film, at surface plasmon resonance, we demonstra...

In this Letter, we report a technique to etch giant aspect ratio nanostructures in lithium niobate. An 8 μm long Bragg grating on a Ti:LiNbO3 ridge waveguide was fabricated by combining optical-grade dicing and focused ion beam milling. The reflectivity was evaluated using an optical coherence tomography system: it is measured to be 53% for the TM wave and 47% for the TE wave. We study by 2D-FD...

The surface plasmon wave is a surface wave confined at the interface between a dielectric and a metal. The excitation of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) on a gold thin film is discussed within the Kretschmann configuration, where the coupling with the excitation light is achieved by means of a prism in total reflection. The electromagnetic principles are detailed and a simple experimental s...

We study a three-dimensional system of a rectangular waveguide resonator with an inserted thin ferrite disk. The interplay of reflection and transmission at the disk interfaces together with a material gyrotropy effect, gives rise to a rich variety of wave phenomena. We analyze the wave propagation based on full Maxwell-equation numerical solutions of the problem. We show that the power-flow li...

This paper presents theoretical investigation of the electromagnetic wave tunneling and anomalous transmission around the trapped modes in a pseudochiral omega slab. The dispersion relation, the conditions of the trapped modes, and the evanescent wave coupling and tunneling in two different reciprocal pseudochiral omega slab structures are derived. The Berreman's matrix method is applied to obt...

A new concept of the coding phase gradient metasurface (CPGM) is proposed, which is constructed using the phase gradient metasurface as the coding elements. Different from the previous coding metasurface (CM), both the coding sequences and gradient phases in the coding elements are designed to manipulate the electromagnetic (EM) wave for the CPGMs, and thus the manipulation will be more flexibl...

Laser and radar technology is an area of interest in the field of military research. Currently military services face many challenges in maintaining financial stability and sustainability in training phases. Military trainings exercises focus mainly on strengthening the simulation culture rather than focusing on theoretical aspects. In the sphere of military radars, simulators play very importa...

Optical fiber based Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometric (EFPI) sensor significantly emerged as an advanced optical sensor for the health monitoring of civil, mechanical and aeronautical structures. This sensor responds its well capability also towards the measurement of acoustic/shock wave pressure. This paper presents an approach for high blast (acoustic/shock wave) pressure measurement usin...