abstract the pvyntn strain induces potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease ptnrd . pvyntn strain is sub group of tobacco necrosis veinal pvyn strain . pvyntn strain is a recombinant between pvyn and pvyo strains . symptoms are often totally symptomless or undetectable by visual inspections at harvest , usually are apparent during post harvest in storage conditions and induce to decrease quality ...

Background and Aims: The causal agents of viral lettuce big vein disease are two viruse, Lettuce big vein associated virus (Varicosavirus) and Mirafiori lettuce virus (Ophiovirus). These viruses have coat proteins of similar size but have different morphologies and serologically unrelated.The purpose of this study was to distinguish and detect LBVaV and MiLV in lettuce fields in Tehran Province...

ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a reliable and sensitive method of detection technique. It commonly used in the daily research scientific institutions laboratories world widely. Although has an acceptable sensitivity accuracy, when it comes to timely information about urgent detections, conventional lacks ability provide that. In this article, we introduce various types modificatio...