Moderate anaemia of a hypochromic, normocytic type is a common feature of rheumatoid arthritis (Friereich, Ross, Bayles, Emerson, and Finch, 1957). Macrocytic anaemia has been reported less frequently. Macrocytosis was regarded as co-incidental by Short, Bauer, and Reynolds (1957) or due to anticonvulsant drugs (Chanarin, Laidlaw, Loughridge, and Mollin, 1960). In a study of the bone marrow in ...

Iron is the fourth most abundant mineral in the Earth’s lithosphere (Weber et al., 2006; Emerson et al., 2013), where it is present at a mean concentration of 5% (Hedrich et al., 2011). Iron can exist in two oxidation stages as ferrous (Fe(II)) and ferric (Fe(III)) iron and some bacteria and archaea have evolved to use iron as an obligate or facultative energy source, giving them the name “Iron...