Passive microwave radiometers have been operated on an aircraft over the same (N OPEX) area of Sweden, near Uppsala in September 1995 and March 1907. Their measurements have allowed the calculation of the emissivity of boreal forest and agricultural land surfaces at 24, 50, 89 and 157 GHz over a range of incidence angles and polarisations. These results show consistent differences between dense...

A formal implementation of the Fowler-Nodheim equation to emission characteristics of diamond coated cold cathodes gives values of the work function which depend on surface curvature of the coating, thus making it incorrect. Experiments with diamond coated Si tips having different coating radii have shown, that their emissivity depends on the radius of the Si tip rather than on the radius of th...

Dense matter in compact stars cools efficiently by neutrino emission via the direct Urca processes n → p + e + ν̄e and p + e → n + νe. Below the pairing phase transition temperature Tc these processes are suppressed at asymptotically low temperatures exponentially. We compute the emissivity of the Urca process at one loop for temperatures T ≤ Tc, in the case where the baryons are paired in the S...

The aim of this paper is to validate a set of methods to model the measured neutron emission on Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST) using TRANSP. Neutrons are measured along a set of collimated lines of sight (LoS) at MAST by a Neutron Camera (NC). The neutron emissivity is modeled with TRANSP [1] for different plasma discharges using a selfconsistent data set produced by a data preparation and a...

This report reviews briefly the characteristics of high spectral resolution satellite infrared remote sensing. The paper also describes the use of EOS-Aqua AIRS measurements to characterize the surface properties important for IR thermal emission. Infrared rapid transmittance model is used for the sensitivity study of surface parameters and the atmospheric parameters from lower troposphere. Six...

In this work, several commercial high-emissivity coatings have been characterized in terms of emissivity, chemical composition and dielectric properties as a function temperature, under microwave irradiation. Accurate knowledge their response exposure to microwaves provides new crucial information about practical usability for non-contact temperature measurements environments. Due high metallic...

Transition probabilities governing the interaction of energy packets and matter are derived that allow Monte Carlo NLTE transfer codes to be constructed without simplifying the treatment of line formation. These probabilities are such that the Monte Carlo calculation asymptotically recovers the local emissivity of a gas in statistical and radiative equilibrium. Numerical experiments with one-po...

Thermal stealth and camouflage have been intensively studied for blending objects with their surroundings against remote thermal image detection. Adaptive control of infrared emissivity has explored extensively as a promising way stealth, but it still requires an additional feedback control. Passive modulation emissivity, however, remained great challenge which precise engineering over wide tem...