Before initiating any endodontic therapy, probability of extra canals should be considered. The Incidence of three canals in mandibular second premolar has been reported to be 0.46-0.5%. The present report describes nonsurgical endodontic treatment of three mandibular second premolars with three canals. In these cases, three orifices were located in mesiobuccal, distobuccal and lingual. Mesiobu...

A revascularization procedure was shown to be the best alternative therapy for immature teeth with necrotic pulp and apical infection. A 12 year old female with a history of trauma to her upper central incisor and a sinus tract was referred for endodontic treatment. She was an active orthodontic patient and had undergone regenerative endodontic treatment for the past 2 years. Clinical examinati...

The main objectives of root canal treatment are thorough shaping and cleaning of all pulp spaces and its complete obturation with an inert filling material. The presence of untreated canal may be a reason for failure of endodontic therapy. To achieve satisfactory root canal therapy, a proper and in-depth knowledge of complex and abnormal root canal morphology is essential.

A retrospective cohort study was carried out aiming to assess the success rate of endodontic treatment of patients from the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco, Brazil. The dental records of the sampling comprised all patients treated in 1998 and 1999. Trials were standardized and a pilot study was carried out to determine the feasibility of the proposed study. Chi-square and Fisher'...

INTRODUCTION Endodontic treatment of immature necrotic teeth is challenging. Recently a biologically based treatment called regenerative endodontic treatment was introduced. Although regenerative endodontic treatment causes root development, there are several drawbacks and unfavorable outcomes that should be addressed. This article describes regenerative endodontic treatment of 2 maxillary cent...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to review the published work on the indications and efficacy for antibiotics in endodontic therapy. Data sources: Published works in the medical and dental literature. Study selection: Evaluation of published clinical trials in endodontic and other pertinent literature. Conclusions: Antibiotics are not routinely indicated in the practice of endodontics. The...

Knowledge of endodontic status (notably whether pulp has been replaced by dentine) is important in equine dentistry as it may give an indication of how much crown may be removed during clinical crown reduction before encountering vital pulp. This is important in conditions such as step-mouth where large (>5mm) crown reductions may be necessary. Knowledge of endodontic status (notably whether pu...

OBJECTIVE To study the in vitro effects of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with the photosensitizer methylene blue (MB) and light against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212). MATERIALS AND METHODS The uptake and distribution of nanoparticles in E. faecalis in suspension was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after incubation with PLGA complexed wit...

Understanding the morphological anatomy of the root and root canal systems of the teeth increases the success rate of endodontic therapy. Advanced diagnostic imaging techniques like cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) are an essential aid in understanding the anatomy of teeth especially in mandibular premolars. Most commonly mandibular first and second premolars have a single root and a single...

Bacteria and their products play a primary etiological role in the initiation and perpetuation of pulpo-periapical pathosis. The biological objective of root canal treatment is eradication of bacterial load from the root canal system. Despite the fact that all measures are being taken to achieve this goal, failures are still being reported [1]. The ability of certain microbes to form biofilms i...