Surgical repair of the tetralogy of Fallot is one of the most successful operations in the treatment of congenital heart diseases. We report the case of a 65-year-old man who had an aortic valve replacement at the time of complete repair of the tetralogy of Fallot at the age of forty-three. He subsequently had progressive aortic root and ascending aorta dilation to 9 cm. The aortic root and asc...

Background and Aim: Complete removal of gutta-percha from the root canal system and its remnants is a challenge in endodontic retreatment. This ex-vivo study aimed to assess the efficacy of XP-Endo Finisher R (XEFR) in removing root filling remnants from straight canals of mandibular premolars in root canal retreatment.   Materials and Methods: In this ex-vivo study, 30 single-rooted mandib...

Internal root resorption (IRR) is characterized by progressive loss of tooth substance initiating at the root canal wall as a result of clastic activity. The use of periodontal surgery and mineral trioxide aggregate is a good approach to repair lesions with periodontal communication (perforating IRR). This case describes the treatment and follow-up of a maxillary central incisor with perforatin...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Bioceramics are ceramic compounds obtained both in situ and in vivo, by various chemical processes. Bioceramics exhibit excellent biocompatibility due to their similarity with biological materials, like hydroxyapatite. Bioceramics and multi-substituted hydroxyapatite or similar compounds have the ability to induce a regenerative response in the organism. The aim of this paper...

The occurrence of posterior root tear of both the lateral and medial menisci, combined with anterior cruciate ligament rupture, is rare. Problems may be encountered such as the difficulty to access the medial meniscal root tear, the confusing circumstances about which structure to repair first, and the possibility of the tunnel for each repair to become taut inside the tibial bone. We present t...

One primary objective of endodontic therapy is to establish an adequate seal with the root canal filling material. The placement of an immediate amalgam buildup at obturation, in conjunction with rubber dam isolation, allows an endodontic seal to be extended from the foramen to the cavosurface margin. As a result of this immediate buildup, the length of the seal and the longevity of the endodon...