We investigate the extent to which antidumping actions eliminate trade altogether. Using quarterly 10-digit HS-level export data for products involved in U.S. antidumping cases we find that antidumping actions increase the hazard rate by more than 50%. We find strong evidence of investigation effects with the impact during the initiation and preliminary duty phases considerably larger than once...

'IpHREE years ago, on July 1, the whole of the powers and. duties of the Local Government Board, the Insurance Commissioners of England and Wales, various health duties hitherto discharged by the Home Office and the Board of Education as specified in the Act, together with certain powers of the Privy Council, were transferred to the Ministry of Health. But in years past far-sighted men like the...

The Transform model is based on the concept of transformation of access rights. It unifies a number of diverse acccsscontrol mechanisms such as amplification, copy flags, separation of duties and synergistic authorization. In this paper we describe a distributed architecture for implementing Transform. Our architecture is based on capabilities with identities of subjects buried in them. This en...

Policies are a means of influencing management behaviour within a distributed system, without coding the behaviour into the managers. Authorisation policies specify what activities a manager is permitted or forbidden to do to a set of target objects and obligation policies specify what activities a manager must or must not do to a set of target objects. Conflicts can arise in the set of policie...

Segregation of Duties (SOD) can be seen as one major class of control activities within a company's Internal Control framework, contributing to the reliability of financial reporting. In recent years, SOD controls in terms of user access rights have experienced a surge of attention in particular, mostly due to the growing reliance of business processes on ERP systems. This paper presents a meth...

Cloud Computing offers many opportunities but also introduces new risks. A user outsourcing his database into the cloud loses control over this data. While the service provider often secures the data against external threats using standard techniques, the service providers themselves have to be trusted to ensure privacy. This work proposes a novel approach to provide security for database servi...

hava!^" * Uera«. r ' CALiFor< Nl > The Sixteen Personality Factors Questionnaire (16PF) and the Performance Evaluation Report (PER), two survey devices used by the U. S. Naval Academy were critically evaluated. The hypothesis that personality as measured by the 16PF could be used to predict future fleet performance as measured by the PER was investigated. This analysis suggested little that wou...

This paper documents two key costs of AD protection. First, once AD has been adopted countries often have a difficult time restraining its use. In recent years “new” users have accounted for half of the overall world total. Many of the heaviest AD users are countries who did not even have an AD statute a decade ago. Second, I will show that that on average AD duties cause the value of imports t...