This paper explores when and how considerations of population health have influenced the creation, planning and management of cities. Cities--now the dominant human habitat--must be planned and managed sustainably in a world that is manifestly experiencing increasing environmental and social strains. Early industrialisation entailed crowding, squalor and industrial environmental blight; the two...

OBJECTIVE In this review we highlight the need to expand the scope of environmental health research, which now focuses largely on the study of toxicants, to incorporate infectious agents. We provide evidence that environmental health research would be strengthened through finding common ground with the tools and approaches of infectious disease research. DATA SOURCES AND EXTRACTION We conduct...

W hat is a healthy community? What role do environmental health prac­ titioners play in ensuring that healthy communities are constructed, pro­ tected, and maintained? Healthy communi­ ties can be described in many ways depend­ ing on local values. The commonly accepted public health definition of a healthy com­ munity is one that is “continuously creating and improving those physical and socia...

the main objective was to find association between basal cortisol and neighborhood-level stress. systematic searches, including electronic and hand searches, were conducted. the most recent date of the search was july 26, 2013. primary observational studies included if they considered stress related outcomes in the neighborhood context. using the endnote x7 advanced search option; the authors e...

Reporting data back to study participants is increasingly being integrated into exposure and biomonitoring studies. Informal science learning opportunities are valuable in environmental health literacy efforts and report back efforts are filling an important gap in these efforts. Using the University of Arizona's Metals Exposure Study in Homes, this commentary reflects on how community-engaged ...

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is one of the principal indicators for human health evaluation as well as for further issues in occupational medicine, public health and planning. Certain difficulties to evaluate EIA appear due to, on the one hand, the nature of contaminants and health characteristics, and, on the other, the difficulties found in data processing, such as heterogeneity of t...

today many of wide scope and famous organizations design and develop hse models to achieve a more suitable hse management system for their own purposes. to implement such models some requirements should be considered in line with defined goals and missions. the present study was carried out in order to achieve the hse management system for children and adolescents in education and training cent...

background: nitrous oxide (n 2 o) is the oldest anesthetic in routine clinical use and its occupational exposure is under regulation by many countries. as studies are lacking to demonstrate the status of nitrous oxide levels in operating and recovery rooms of iranian hospitals, we aimed to study its level in teaching hospitals of tehran university of medical sciences. methods: during a 6-month ...