BACKGROUND Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated improvement in mortality with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), beta blockers and aldosterone antagonists. The use of these lifesaving treatments remain inadequate. AIM To determine the clinical features, aetiology, treatment and short-term survival of heart failure in a cardiology private practice in Jamaica. METHODS T...

Despite reported renoprotection with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and notwithstanding their increased use, we continue to experience an epidemic of acute renal failure (ARF)/chronic kidney disease/end-stage renal disease. Consequently, concerns about iatrogenic renal failure have resurfaced. Different analysis of these trials revealed fl...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The association of kidney function with long-term outpatient medication adherence in the elderly remains understudied. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS A cohort of 2103 patients over the age of 65 years enrolled in a pharmacy benefits program after hospital discharge for myocardial infarction was studied. Using linear mixed effects models, the associatio...

Renin and aldosterone activity levels are low in elderly patients, raising concerns about the benefits and risks of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) use. However, data from direct comparisons of the effects of ACEIs on ARBs in the elderly population remain inconclusive.In this nationwide study, all patients aged ≥ 70 years were retrieve...

conclusions traditional medicine based on certain plants could be of beneficial effects in hypertension treatment. results in total, 52 species out of the 135 (39%) screened, gave more than 50% ace inhibition. forty species were found to possess a high ace inhibiting ability and were low in their tannin content. materials and methods in the present study 135 plants used in traditional persian m...

BACKGROUND Hypertension is a major risk factor for the development of stroke. It is well known that lowering blood pressure decreases the risk of stroke in people with moderate to severe hypertension. However, the specific effects of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) against stroke in patients with hypertension as compared to no treatment and other antihypertensive drug classes are not known. M...

Dual renin angiotensin system (RAS) blockade using angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) in combination with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) is reported to improve proteinuria in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. However, its renoprotective effect and safety remain uncertain in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). From January 1, 2000 through June 30, 2009...

The disablement process is often accompanied by sarcopenia or muscle loss, which is associated with virtually all identified disability risk factors. Clinically, the association between body composition and physical performance has been documented by several studies. However, loss of strength is greater than loss of muscle mass with age implying that the quality of remaining muscle may be reduc...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Chronic inflammation may play a role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. CRP gene polymorphisms are associated with serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. It is unknown if CRP polymorphisms are associated with CKD progression or modify the effectiveness of anti-hypertensive therapy in delaying CKD progression. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASURE...