Predicting how cooperative behavior arises in the thermodynamic limit is one of the outstanding problems in evolutionary game theory. For two player games, cooperation is seldom the Nash equilibrium. However, in the thermodynamic limit cooperation is the natural recourse regardless of whether we are dealing with humans or animals. In this work we use the analogy with the Ising model to predict ...

A system's equilibrium variance can be analyzed to probe its underlying dynamics at higher resolution. Here, using single-molecule atomic-force microscope techniques, we show how the variance in the length of a single dextran molecule can be used to establish thermodynamic equilibrium and to detect conformational changes not directly observable with other methods. Dextran is comprised of a chai...

In this work the spectrally resolved, multigroup and mean radiative opacities of carbon plasmas are calculated for a wide range of plasma conditions which cover situations where corona, local thermodynamic and non-local thermodynamic equilibrium regimes are found. An analysis of the influence of the thermodynamic regime on these magnitudes is also carried out by means of comparisons of the resu...

We present a review of recent work on the statistical mechanics of non equilibrium processes based on the analysis of large deviations properties of microscopic systems. Stochastic lattice gases are non trivial models of such phenomena and can be studied rigorously providing a source of challenging mathematical problems. In this way, some principles of wide validity have been obtained leading t...

At temperatures moderately below their glass transition temperature, the properties of many glass-forming materials can evolve slowly with time in a process known as physical aging whereby the thermodynamic, mechanical, and dynamic properties all drift towards their equilibrium values. In this work, we study the evolution of the thermodynamic and dynamic properties during physical aging for a m...

Removal of cesium from synthetic aqueous solution through adsorption on bentonite, under batch equilibrium experimental condition at different values of pH and four temperatures (303, 313, 323, 333 K) was investigated. For this propose the suitability of the Freundlich adsorption model for equilibrium data were investigated. The parameters in the adopted adsorption isotherm models were determin...

This essay is based on the fundmental assumption that any physical system of synergetic parts is a thermodynamic system. The universality of thermodynamics is due to the fact that thermodynamic homogeneous properties, such as pressure, temperature and their analogs, do not depend upon size or shape. That is, thermodynamics is a topological (not a geometrical) theory. By use of Cartan’s methods ...

We discuss the conditions for which the non-equilibrium work relation is valid by means of thermodynamic and microscopic arguments.

The thermodynamics of an electrically charged, multicomponent continuous medium with electromagnetic fields is analysed in the non-relativistic limit. Applying locally the first and second law of thermodynamics and Maxwell’s equations for a linear theory of electromagnetism, three equations characterising the continuous medium are derived: a thermostatic equilibrium equation, a reversible and a...

The zeroth and first laws of thermodynamics define the concepts of thermal equilibrium and thermal energy. The second law of thermodynamics determines whether a particular transfer of thermal energy can occur. Collectively, these fundamental laws of nature imply that a closed collection of thermodynamic subsystems will tend to thermal equilibrium. This paper generalizes the concepts of energy, ...