Extensive United States combat operations commenced for the first time in over decade in 2003. Early in 2004 there was no human research protection regulatory review and approval mechanism based in a deployed military combatant command. The absence of such a system presented a critical impediment to implementation of the time-honored tradition of a robust combat casualty care research effort. A...

Species-specific effects of elevated ozone on wetland plants and decomposition processes. The NERC and CEH trade marks and logos ('the Trademarks') are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner.

Although remote-controlled robots flying over the Middle East and Central Asia now dominate reports on new military technologies, robots that are capable of detecting, identifying, and killing enemies on their own are quietly but steadily movingfrom the theoretical to the practical. The enormous difficulty in assigning responsibilities to humans and states for the actions ofthese machines grows...

OBJECTIVE To describe and evaluate priority setting in the context of hospital priority setting and more specifically to evaluate the use of an appeals process. DESIGN Qualitative case study and evaluation using the ethical framework 'accountability for reasonableness'. SETTING The University Health Network (UHN), a network of three large urban teaching hospitals affiliated with the Univers...

OBJECTIVE To describe perceptions of the administrative procedures for seasonal bed closures and their consequences in the intensive care unit (ICU), and to critique this example of health care priority setting for legitimacy and fairness. DESIGN A qualitative study using case study methods and interviews with key participants. We evaluated fairness and legitimacy of the bed closure process u...

INTRODUCTION Businessmen have faced ethical dilemmas throughout history in many varying contexts. Today, Chief Information Officers (CIOs) and information technology (IT) managers, in particular, face many ethical dilemmas from not only traditional business dilemmas, but also in managing IT. Traditional ethical issues of business, such as receiving gifts and promotional items from vendors, affe...

Por otro lado, la capacitación es otro aspecto que debe de considerarse, en ese sentido, el Reglamento de tengan en ética en investigación y uno de sus miembros debe tener capacitación en bioética El costo de la capacitación es un tema que no ha sido cuenta que el trabajo que realizan los miembros de los exige no solo es de tres a cuatro horas de sesión que se hace como parte de la carga labora...

OBJECTIVE To assess the state of national health research systems of countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) African Region. DESIGN A questionnaire-based survey METHODS: Structured questionnaires were used to solicit health research systems' relevant information from key informants in each country. SETTING Forty-six Member States of the WHO African Region. PARTICIPANTS Key inform...