In this paper we describe some sequences of global bifurcations involving attracting and repelling closed invariant curves of two-dimensional maps that have a fixed point which may lose stability both via a supercritical Neimark bifurcation and a supercritical pitchfork or flip bifurcation. These bifurcations, characterized by the creation of heteroclinic and homoclinic connections or homoclini...

Non-aqueous Pickering emulsions of 16-240 μm diameter have been prepared using diblock copolymer worms with ethylene glycol as the droplet phase and an n-alkane as the continuous phase. Initial studies using n-dodecane resulted in stable emulsions that were significantly less turbid than conventional water-in-oil emulsions. This is attributed to the rather similar refractive indices of the latt...

The applicability of packed and open columns for supercritical fluid chromatography using pure carbon dioxide for the elution of a number of selected test components was investigated. It is shown that the number of solutes that can be eluted as symmetrical peaks is much larger in open-tubular capillary supercritical fluid chromatography. For strong hydrogen donors and acceptors, however, poor p...

Gibberellic acid-induced alpha-amylase synthesis in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) aleurone layers was inhibited by abscisic acid, and the inhibition was partly removed by additional gibberellic acid alone and by ethylene alone. Together additional gibberellic acid and ethylene almost eliminated abscisic acid inhibition of amylase synthesis. Time course studies of these phenomena showed that the e...

A new dynamic line, the Frenkel line, has recently been proposed to separate the supercritical state into rigid-liquid and nonrigid gaslike fluid. The location of the Frenkel line on the phase diagram is unknown for real fluids. Here we map the Frenkel line for three important systems: CO(2), H(2)O, and CH(4). This provides an important demarcation on the phase diagram of these systems, the dem...

Responses to the plant hormone ethylene are mediated by a family of five receptors in Arabidopsis that act in the absence of ethylene as negative regulators of response pathways. In this study, we examined the rapid kinetics of growth inhibition by ethylene and growth recovery after ethylene withdrawal in hypocotyls of etiolated seedlings of wild-type and ethylene receptor-deficient Arabidopsis...

Early afterdepolarizations (EADs) are pathological oscillations in cardiac action potentials during the repolarization phase and may be caused by drug side effects, ion channel disease or oxidative stress. The most widely observed EAD pattern is characterized by oscillations with growing amplitudes. So far, its occurence is explained in terms of a supercritical Hopf bifurcation in the fast subs...

We propose a stochastic modelling of the PCR amplification process by a size-dependent branching process starting as a supercritical Bienaymé–Galton–Watson transient phase and then having a saturation near-critical size-dependent phase. This model allows us to estimate the probability of replication of a DNA molecule at each cycle of a single PCR trajectory with a very good accuracy.