As legal phenomena, intellectual property rights and privacy rights have tended to live separate lives. At the same time, regimes for protecting intellectual property have had, up until lately, only a marginal practical impact on the privacy of information users. However, recent developments in Digital Rights Management Systems (DRMS) are bringing to the fore considerable tension between the en...

SUMMARY The European Community Regulation (EC) No. 2075/2005 lays down specific rules on official controls for the detection of Trichinella in fresh meat for human consumption, recommending the pooled-sample digestion method as the reference method. The aim of this document is to provide specific guidance to implement an appropriate Trichinella digestion method by a laboratory accredited accord...

Standardization activities are recognized as one of the tools to incubate research results and accelerate their transfer to innovative marketable products and services. However, the European Commission (EC) research community and its associated stakeholders acknowledge the lack of research transfer via the standardization channel, generally referred to as the research-tostandardization gap. Thi...

Introduction Although preferring a global solution for a market-based measure for curbing CO2 emissions from international shipping, the European Union has indicated that it will implement its own policies if no global agreement can be reached. EU Directive 2009/29/EC sets a deadline for a global agreement by stating that “In the event that no international agreement ... has been approved ... b...

If the data vector for input to an automatic classifier is incomplete, the optimal estimate for each class probability must be calculated as the expected value of the classifier output. We identify a form of Radial Basis Function (RBF) classifier whose expected outputs can easily be evaluated in terms of the original function parameters. Two ways are described in which this classifier can be ap...

Technological development and increasing awareness of geodata and its use has caused an explosion of digital content. However, this was not accompanied by dissemination and accessibility measures. Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs), allowing extensive reuse of geoinformation, may offer a solution. SDIs face organisational, technological, legal, cultural and linguistic challenges. The enrichmen...

There is little documented information about the Radiation protection and monitoring in Radiology departments in Nigeria [1,2] only about 25% of radiation workers in Nigeria are monitored as at 1999 [3] the high cost of xray and C.T. units have greatly increased the use of refurbished X-Ray equipment . These units produce higher percentage variance between set exposure factors and actual output...

©FSRH J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2010: 36(3) Introduction Without assurances about confidentiality, clients (confiders) may be reluctant to give health professionals (confidants) the information they need in order to provide good care. In a European Court of Human Rights case, a woman’s doctor had been compelled to reveal her HIV positivity in court in connection with the investigation of s...