Based on field data from a medium scale ammonia based milk refrigeration plant located in northern part of India, a trans-critical CO2 based heat pump system is conceptualized to utilize the waste heat from the plant to improve overall coefficient of performance. Year round plant operating data is collected. The plant handles in the range of 0.1 to 0.15 million liters of milk and milk products ...

The type of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system has a large impact on the heating and cooling energy consumption in multifamily residential buildings. This paper compares the energy performance of three HVAC systems: a direct expansion (DX) split system, a split air source heat pump (ASHP) system, and a closedloop water source heat pump (WSHP) system with a boiler and an eva...

The concept that a specific level of central venous pressure (CVP) limits man's adjustment to heat stress has been debated. Evidence was presented that identifies a true limit of adjustment as being more related to factors affecting evaporative cooling, such as level of hydration, release of active vasodilation substance (AVS), and sweat gland fatigue. However, it was conceded that decreases in...

An efficient cooling mechanism of magnetically trapped, highly excited antihydrogen (H) atoms is presented. This cooling, in addition to the expected evaporative cooling, results in trapping of a large number of H atoms in the ground state. It is found that the final fraction of trapped atoms is insensitive to the initial distribution of H magnetic quantum numbers. Expressions are derived for t...

We calculate the evaporative cooling dynamics of trapped one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates for parameters leading to a range of condensates and quasicondensates in the final equilibrium state, using the classical fields method. We confirm that solitons are created during the evaporation process by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism, but subsequently dissipate during thermalization. However, the...

Airborne reverse flow immersion thermometers were designed to prevent sensor wetting in cloud. Yet there is strong evidence that some wetting does occur and therefore also sensor evaporative cooling as the aircraft exits a cloud. Numerous penetrations of cumulus clouds in a broad range of environmental and cloud conditions are used to estimate the resulting negative temperature bias. This cloud...

[1] A two-dimensional cloud-resolving model with detailed spectral bin microphysics is used to examine the effect of aerosols on three different deep convective cloud systems that developed in different geographic locations: south Florida, Oklahoma, and the central Pacific. A pair of model simulations, one with an idealized low cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) (clean) and one with an idealized h...