The thermodynamic cost of resetting an arbitrary initial state to a particular desired is lower bounded by Landauer's bound. However, here we demonstrate that this bound necessarily unachievable for every (except possibly the single minimally dissipative input) any reliable reset mechanism. Since local heating threatens rapid decoherence, issue substantial importance beyond mere energy efficien...

Many countries have recently enacted or proposed reforms aimed at increasing the availability of information on the quality of some public sector services. Transparency has been a buzzword among international organizations and public sector reformers. For example, the disclosure of school and teacher quality has generated a heated public debate. In the United States, No Child Left Behind Act (N...

ABSTRACT This essay discusses participative governance mechanisms in the public sector grounded on theories of civil liberties, dialogical democracies, patterns state bureaucracies, and reforms. We aimed to analyze effects these issues political agendas alternatives Brazil, emphasizing conflicts among rulers, politicians, servants, interest groups, advocacy coalitions dispute decision-making pr...

We develop a model of government personnel policy with electoral competition in an effort to understand when high quality bureaucracies will be created and sustained. In the model, two parties compete for office over an infinite horizon, and politicians in office choose a mix between civil servants (who produce public goods in a good bureaucracy) and patronage appointees (who produce private go...

In this study, theoretical investigations of Li2MSiO4 family cathode materials, including Li2MnSiO4, Li2FeSiO4, Li2CoSiO4, and Li2NiSiO4 are performed using density functional theory (DFT), by GGA and GGA+U methods. The materials properties including electrical conductivity and rate cap...

In the following, we characterize the contemporary conservative Evangelical movement as an example of contentious politics, a movement that relies on both institutional and noninstitutional tactics to achieve political outcomes. Examining multiple institutional and legislative outcomes related to the Faith Based Initiative, we seek to understand why some states have established state faith-base...