Evidence based medicine has had an increasing impact on primary care over the last few years. In the UK it has influenced the development of guidelines and quality standards for clinical practice and the allocation of resources for drug treatments and other interventions. It has informed the thinking around patient involvement in decision making with the concept of evidence based patient choice...

This paper presents evidence-based clinical decision-making as a process of anticipating therapeutic benefit on the basis of thorough consideration of evidence from a variety of sources. In this process, evidence encompasses the values, beliefs, and experiences of both the client and the clinician, as well as knowledge accrued from all varieties of scientific research. In particular, we suggest...

The highest level of evidence-based medicine is a meta-analysis of all available trials. The Cochrane Library identified 13 randomised trials and concluded that thrombolysis for acute stroke within 3 hours was associated with a significant reduction in the number of dead or dependent patients (49.7% of those allocated to thrombolysis were dead or dependent compared with 60.3% of those allocated...

Research is essential in that it is required to provide the scientific evidence that helps ensure patients receive the appropriate treatment. Evidence based medicine is now recognised as essential for all patients. Historically, both pregnant women and paediatric patients have been neglected by researchers. Clinical trials are more challenging in both of these patient groups. Additionally, the ...

Matters of hospital management do not figure prominently on the medical ethics agenda. However, management decisions that have to be taken in the area of hospital care are in fact riddled with ethical questions and do have significant impact on patients, staff members, and the community being served. In this decision making process evidence based medicine (EBM) plays an increasingly important r...

The percentage of combat wounds involving the eyes, maxillofacial, and neck regions reported in the literature is increasing, representing 36% of all combat-related injuries at the start of the Iraq War. Recent meta-analysis of 21st century eye, maxillofacial, and neck injuries described combat injury incidences of 8% to 20% for the face, 2% to 11% for the neck, and 0.5% to 13% for the eye and ...

Introduction: Journal clubs play an important role in teaching Evidence Based Medicine (EBM). Evidence based journal clubs focus on real problems of the group, and set a minimum level of evidence for articles to be presented, and in the end a clinical bottom line is set to be used in the daily clinical practice. In this article, we have explained our experience in running evidence based journal...

For a few years and since the release of the expression on Medline in 1992 by Gordon Guyatt et al., interest in the Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) had skyrocketed and had induced a kind of globalization of its teaching. Undoubtedly, we live in the era of EBM in which scientific knowledge and research works are classified in a pyramid hierarchy according to their levels of evidence. At the top of...

The 2009 Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference working group session participants developed recommendations and research questions for violence prevention in the emergency department (ED). A writing group devised a working draft prior to the meeting and presented this to the breakout session at the consensus conference for input and approval. The recommendations include: 1) promote a...