It is now some decades since the study of “linguistic ideology” was first proposed (Silverstein 1979), and time ripe for taking stock. This article considers developments in this field as it has emerged and, respects, become normalized. Yet, normalized can mean backgrounded, taken granted—perhaps obscuring important theoretical issues methodological challenges. I revisit what entailed by “ideol...

alternative assessment approaches received considerable attention soon after a discontent with traditional, one-shot testing. these approaches, however, have been used only to improve learners’ linguistic ability despite communicative models of language which pointed that knowledge of language also involves pragmatic ability (bachman, 1990; bachman & palmer, 1996). the present study tries t...

Skilled, sequential movements can be acquired explicitly or implicitly. In the present study, we examined the effects of explicit knowledge obtained through instruction or spontaneous detection on transfer of visuomotor sequence learning. In the first session, participants learned a visuomotor sequence by trial and error. In subsequent sessions, the sequence was changed according to specific ru...

A grounded embodied approach to the instruction of computational abstractions provides concrete representations for characteristically abstract symbols. If the perceptual symbols that comprise a pre-defined scenario are fundamentally grounded in human behavior (e.g. walking), does the mere act of embodiment influence how these behaviors are represented in a computational artifact? Prior researc...

The present study examined men and women's sexual and affective responses to erotic film clips that were combined with different fantasy instructions. Men (n = 29) and women (n = 28) were presented with two types of erotic films (explicit vs. romantic) and two fantasy instructions (fantasizing about one's real-life partner vs. fantasizing about someone else). Genital response, subjective sexual...

Pragmatic aspect of second language (L2) as a component of communicative competence has recently received more attention. Many research studies have investigated the gap between native and nonnative speakers’ command of L2 pragmatics. However, development of L2 pragmatics has been the focus of few studies. In this study, how coursebooks can help both nonnative teachers and learners develop L2 p...

Self-explanation prompts (prompts that encourage students to give explicit explanations for the content they study) have emerged as a promising method for promoting learning, but questions remain about how to maximize their utility. The current experiments investigated how instruction on concepts versus procedures affected the quality of self-explanations and subsequent learning outcomes when s...

This article presents results from a recent study that isolated grammar instruction that is deductive (i.e., involving rule presentation and metalinguistic information) as a variable and contrasted it with an instructional treatment that is inductive (i.e., focusing on form with no explicit grammar instruction). The effectiveness of these two types of instruction was compared on measures of bot...