Bakground: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a cytokine that stimulates hematopoiesis and induces proliferation and differentiation of granulocyte progenitor cells as well as production of bone marrow neutrophilic granulocyte colonies.  Nowadays, human recombinant G-CSF(hr G-CSF)is used for the treatment of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced neutropenia, and also in patients ...

mara activates two membrane dependent mechanisms of resistance to different antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin and tetracycline, including promotion of outflux and inhibition of influx of antibiotics. thus, mara causes multiple antibiotic resistance phenotype. the activation of these mechanisms needs overexpression of mara. this could happen through mutation in marr. thus, the aim of this study...

Introduction:  The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence and the frequency of EAEC as etiologic agent of diarrhea in Shiraz. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) is increasingly recognized as a cause of often persistent diarrhoea in children and adults in both developing and developed countries, and have been identified as the cause of several outbreaks worldwide.   Materials and...

Gene expression is the process by which inheritable information from a gene, such as the DNA sequence, is made into a functional gene product, such as protein or RNA. Several steps in the gene expression process may be modulated, including the transcription step and translation step and the post-translational modification of a protein. A wide range of microorganisms produce invertase and can, t...

conclusions in conclusion, we developed a method to express the papg.acma protein on the surface of lactobacillus. this is the first report on the successful application of lactic acid bacteria displaying the papg.acma fusion protein. it will be interesting to determine the immune responses against the papg protein in near future using this surface display strategy. results the papg.acma fusion...

hepatitis c virus (hcv) is an important agent causing chronic liver infection, which often leads to liver cirrhosis and lethal hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). at present, there is no effective hcv vaccine for prevention of hepatic disease and the standard treatment is neither economical nor fully effective in all the patients. however, vaccination based on structural and nonstructural proteins ...

BACKGROUND:The bacterial contamination of fertile eggs isthe most common cause of embryonic death in ostrich hatcheryunits leading to financial loss in ostrich industry. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this research was to investigate the bacterialcontamination status, with emphasis on Escherichia coli, ofostrich hatcheries and the antimicrobial resistance profile ofisolated Escherichia coli. METHODS:Ato...

MarA activates two membrane dependent mechanisms of resistance to different antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin and tetracycline, including promotion of outflux and inhibition of influx of antibiotics. Thus, MarA causes multiple antibiotic resistance phenotype. The activation of these mechanisms needs overexpression of marA. This could happen through mutation in marR. Thus, the aim of this study...

MarA activates two membrane dependent mechanisms of resistance to different antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin and tetracycline, including promotion of outflux and inhibition of influx of antibiotics. Thus, MarA causes multiple antibiotic resistance phenotype. The activation of these mechanisms needs overexpression of marA. This could happen through mutation in marR. Thus, the aim of this study...