BACKGROUND Uremic pruritus is a common and deleterious condition among hemodialysis (HD) patients. Central gating of μ/κ opiate circuitry plays an important role in mediating and countering pruritogenic sensation. The objective of this study was to assess the safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of the mixed μ-antagonist/κ-agonist nalbuphine, administered orally as nalbuphine HCl extended release (...

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a widely used therapy for neonates with respiratory failure. Because of sepsis, many of these infants require antibiotics like vancomycin during ECMO treatment. ECMO transiently alters renal function and increases the circulating blood volume by 75%. Initial vancomycin pharmacokinetics were determined in 12 infants undergoing ECMO to determine an ad...

Despite the therapeutic equivalence between twice-daily and once-daily tacrolimus, patient safety after conversion is still a concern. We reviewed 218 liver transplantation (LT) patients who converted twice-daily to once-daily tacrolimus between May 2011 and January 2014. Thirty (13.8%) patients had adverse events after conversion, with a liver function test (LFT) abnormality being the most com...

Bioadhesion can be defined as a phenomenon of interfacial molecular attractive forces in the midst of the surfaces of biological substrate and the natural or synthetic polymers, which allows the polymer to adhere to biological surface for an extended period of time. Within the oral mucosal cavity, the buccal region offers an adorable route of administration for systemic drug delivery. Among the...

This paper presents a novel approach for cancer treatment using the event-triggered impulse control approach. The proposed primarily focuses on adjusting interval of chemotherapy regimen, followed by implementing state feedback to administer flexible dosage based last measurement patient during each interval. In this way, less total dose and shorter tumor eradicated time are achieved as compare...