BACKGROUND There is some evidence that tobacco companies marketing efforts undermine the effects of comprehensive tobacco control programmes. OBJECTIVE To determine whether point-of-purchase advertising and promotions are more pervasive in states where comprehensive tobacco control programmes are underway. DESIGN Cross sectional survey using 1996 data, with merged records of the existence o...

Suppose E/F is a quadratic extension of number fields and GU(2, 2) is the quasi-split unitary similitude group attached to E/F . We prove functoriality from globally generic cuspidal representations of GU(2, 2)(AF ) to automorphic representations of GL6(AF ) corresponding to the twisted exterior square map on the dual side. For a split quadratic algebra E/F , the twisted exterior square map red...

A priori object information like parallelism and perpendicularity can be very useful for 3D-reconstruction, especially in architectural photogrammetry. With digital close-range imagery parallelism of object lines can be exploited by applying automatic vanishing point detection. This image analysis technique allows the detection of parallel object lines and leads to their spatial orientation in ...

The art gallery problem is to determine the number of guards that are sufficient to cover or see every point in the interior of an art gallery. An art gallery can be viewed as a polygon P with or without holes with a total of n vertices and guards as points in P . Any point z ∈ P is said to be visible from a guard g if the line segment joining z and g does not intersect the exterior of P . Usua...

The formation and dynamics of spatially extended compositional domains in multicomponent lipid membranes both in vivo and in vitro lie at the heart of many important biological and biophysical phenomena. While the thermodynamic basis for domain formation has been explored extensively in the past, the roles of membrane and exterior fluid hydrodynamics on domain formation kinetics have received l...

Persistent virus infections are discussed from the virus point of view in terms of the bodily sites in which the infection persists. Glands and body surfaces are thought to be significant because they give the virus protection at the topographical level from immune forces, and because they are appropriate sites for the shedding of virus to the exterior. Germ cells are relevant sites because inf...

We present a multi-domain spectral approach with an exterior compactified domain for the Maxwell equations monochromatic fields. The Sommerfeld radiation condition is imposed exactly at infinity being finite point on numerical grid. As example, axisymmetric situations in spherical and prolate spheroidal coordinates are discussed, as well interaction of radiating dipole nano-particle.

We establish several combinatorial bounds on the complexity (number of vertices and edges) of the complement of the union (also known as the common exterior) of k convex polygons in the plane, with a total of n edges. We show: 1. The maximum complexity of the entire common exterior is (nn(k) + k 2). 1 2. The maximum complexity of a single cell of the common exterior is (nn(k)). 3. The complexit...

The n-instanton contribution to the Seiberg-Witten prepotential of N = 2 supersymmetric d = 4 Yang Mills theory is represented as the integral of the exponential of an equivariantly exact form. Integrating out an overall scale and a U(1) angle the integral is rewritten as (4n − 3) fold product of a closed two form. This two form is, formally, a representative of the Euler class of the Instanton...

It is shown how the deformation of the superconformal generators on the string’s worldsheet by a nonabelian super-Wilson line gives rise to a covariant exterior derivative on loop space coming from a nonabelian 2-form on target space. The expression obtained this way is new in the context of strings (but has been considered before in the context of integrable systems), and its consistency is ve...