A large share of Ethiopia’s milk production comes from its rural areas. However, this does not undergo further processing into dairy products on a scale due to lack conventional energy sources such as electricity and gas. Hence, the country is utilizing resources maximum possible. In study, possible use solar for pasteurization process investigated by using flat plate collector (FPSC) with with...

The use of radar in automotive applications such as adaptive cruise control is limited to detecting target vehicles directly in front of the host vehicle. Vehicles around a curve on a highway and cross traffic vehicles at an intersection cannot be detected by current radar systems. This is primarily due to the limited beam width angle of the radar. The first part of this report examines and eva...

Reinforcing speech levels and controlling noise and reverberation are the ultimate acoustical goals of lecture-room design to achieve high speech intelligibility. The effects of sound absorption on these factors have opposite consequences for speech intelligibility. Here, novel ceiling baffles and reflectors were evaluated as a sound-control measure, using computer and 1/8-scale models of a lec...

AlGaInP lattice matched to GaAs is suited for light-emitting diodes ~LEDs! operating in the red, orange, yellow, and yellow–green wavelength range. Such long-wavelength visible-spectrum devices will play an important role in solid-state lighting applications. This review discusses the major classes of AlGaInP device structures, including absorbing-substrate ~AS! LEDs, absorbing substrate LEDs e...

The modelling of the ultrasonic signals reflected from complex curved surfaces is a very complicated task. In order to simplify this task the reflectors are decomposed into multiple planar elements. Then the signals reflected by the planar areas and the areas between two planar elements oriented under some angle can be analysed separately. The objective of this study was verification of the aco...

Pore-pressure variations inside producing reservoirs result in excess stress and strain that cause time shifts of reflected waves. Inversion of seismic data for pressure changes requires better understanding of the dependence of compaction-induced time shifts on reservoir pressure reduction. Here, we investigate pressure-dependent behavior of P-, S-, and PS-wave time shifts from reflectors loca...

In the conventional Internal Border Gateway Protocol (IBGP), the BGP sessions between all BGP speakers in a single Autonomous System (AS) form a full mesh. For scalability reasons, route reflection is proposed as an alternative to the full mesh inside an AS. The selection of route reflectors and their clients determines the paths used by IBGP route advertising. Thus, the design of the route ref...

This paper applies acoustic principles and a novel scanning method motivated by acoustic flow to recognize retro-reflectors directly from sonar echoes while performing drive-by scanning. Right-angle corners and cylinders form specular retro-reflectors that produce strong echoes whose features can be easily identified. A multi-point sonar produces a point process whose density encodes the echo a...