purpose: dry eye syndrome is a multifactorial disorder of the tear film and ocular surface that results in eye discomfort, visual disturbance, and often ocular surface damage. studies suggest that the prevalence of clinically diagnosed dry eye syndrome (des) is 0.4%. to 0.5%, which is highest among women and the elderly. the burden of des can be substantial, affecting visual function, daily act...

Diabetes is a complex disease requiring the involvement of many health professionals. As a result, people with diabetes are faced with multiple appointments and multiple health messages to understand and make sense of. For example, blood sugar levels (and what is ideal), foot health (and warning signs), kidney checks and eye examinations. As eye care practitioners, we are faced with the challen...

HTLV1 adult T cell lymphoma occurs tends to be widely disseminated and aggressive, with only brief responses to chemotherapy. Aside from cervical adenopathy, involvement of head and neck structures is uncommon and orbital involvement rare.We report a case of nasal cavity HTLV lymphoma with massive bilateral orbital involvement and proptosis, resulting in complete left and partial right eye amau...

this article engages with debates about the conceptualisation and practical challenges of patient and public involvement (ppi) in health and social care services. policy in this area in england has shifted numerous times but increasingly a consumerist discourse seems to override more democratic ideas concerning the relationship between citizens and public services. recent policy change in engla...

introduction: the wilson disease is an autosomal recessive disease in which the liver, central nervous system, eyes, blood and other parts of the body involved. timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment of the disease requires awareness of the clinical presentations of this disease in children.methods: this case series study included 62 patients with wilson disease who admitted to children&apo...

Richter's transformation (RT) refers to the development of aggressive lymphoma during the course of CLL. Clinically, patients with RT present with an aggressive disease course with rapidly enlarging lymph nodes, hepatosplenomegaly, and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase levels. But rarely it presents with extra nodal organ involvement at the beginning. Common sites of extra nodal involvement ...

To study the distribution of ocular involvement among persons with rheumatic disease, a cross-sectional survey was performed in 224 patients attending the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital. Of these patients, 102 presented with rheumatoid arthritis, 74 systemic lupus erythematosus, 39 systemic sclerosis, 6 mixed connective tissue disease, 2 pol...

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disorder of unknown aetiology affecting wide range organs and characterised by the presence noncaseating granulomas. It has rarely been reported in Sri Lanka. This case describes 36-year-old male presenting with loss weight despite preserved appetite. He had evidence sarcoidosis pulmonary, lymph node, eye, hepatosplenomegaly, thyroid parotid gland invol...

No longer regarded merely as a symptom triad of aphthous stomatitis, genital ulcerations. and eye involvement, Behcet's syndrome (BS) can evolve into a catastrophic multifaceted disease. Recent newly reported manifestations include pancreatiti.s (I), peripheral neuropathy (I), renal involvement (2), perforation of the palate (3). diffuse myositis (4). and ventricular aneurysm (5). Involvement o...