This article estimates the effect of labor-market concentration on labor compensation across US private sector since 2000. The authors distinguish between in local markets and product while guarding against bias from confounded product-market concentration. analysis extends beyond wages to rates employment-based health insurance coverage. Reported results suggest negative effects compensation. ...

abstract background: using non-pharmacological pain relief methods for reducing labor pain has always been one of the major concerns in obstetrics and gynecology. objective: comparing the effects of aromatherapy with jasmine and salvia on pain severity and labor outcome in nulliparous women. materials and methods: in this randomized clinical trial, 156 nulliparous women in labor were randomly s...

Traditional systems for olefin/paraffin separation, like low-temperature distillation, are expensive and very energy consuming, and therefore, alternative separation methods are desired. Facilitated transport membranes are new tools for this separation to be substituted in large scale separation of olefin-paraffin mixtures. To design a membrane process for olefin-paraffin separation, equilibriu...

background labor pain is one of the most intense pains. physiological, personality, psychological, cultural, and environmental factors are related to the labor pain. pain is a strong stressor which can have great impacts on women’s reproductive, mental, and physical health; therefore, its harmful effects should be reduced. thus, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between the ...

Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions has been a top priority for activists, scientists, and policy makers across the globe, it is one main drivers transition to renewable energy generation. Bitcoin decentralized global transaction network an eponymous digital currency. It praised its openness, decentralization, censorship resistance, as well criticized inefficiency, criminal use, enormous elec...

Selection power is taken as the fundamental value for information retrieval systems. Selection power is regarded as produced by selection labor, which can itself be decomposed into description and search labor. As forms of mental labor, description and search labor participate in the conditions for labor and for mental labor. Concepts and distinctions applicable to physical and mental labor are...