Sentinel lymph node biopsy has become the standard of clinical care in staging axillary lymph nodes for breast carcinoma. While deemed safe and effective, methylene blue dye has been associated with infection, fibrosis, and skin and fat necrosis. The variable appearance of surgical dye-related fibrosis and fat necrosis on imaging studies poses a challenge to both radiologists and clinicians. We...

Lipomembranous panniculitis is a special type of fat necrosis which has been associated with several clinical conditions, mainly chronic venous insufficiency and connective tissue disorders such as lupus profundus, morphea, systemic sclerosis, and dermatomyositis .We report a 50 yearold woman with known rheumatoid arthritis who presented with a painful indurated erythematous plaque on her right...

The likeliest explanation for these fatty lesions is that they are produced by pancreatic enzymes which have entered the circulation either directly or via lymphatics. The latter is thought to be the more important route. Abdominal peritoneal lymphatic drainage and transdiaphragmatic lymphatic absorption of abdominal fluid are probably prime factors in the ingress of pancreatic enzymes to the t...

Nicolau syndrome is a rare complication of intramuscular injection that leads to local ischemic necrosis of the skin and adipose tissue. In this paper, we discuss etiologies, risk factors, and treatment options for gluteal Nicolau syndrome referring to patients treated in our hospital. Our study includes 17 women who visited our clinic with symptoms of gluteal necrosis secondary to intramuscula...