Adaptive filters updated by the least mean square (LMS) algorithm are succesfully implemented in digital control systems. They are utilized for both plant identification and control purposes. In control appications (e.g. in active noise control) the output of the adaptive filter drives the plant input, and the error signal is derived only at the output of the plant. In such cases the filtered r...

Lipids are the main structural/functional components of the sperm, and their composition may undergo a series of modifications in relation to either physiologic events and/or diet. The effect of lecithin supplementation on reproductive and reproductive performance were studied in rabbits bucks. Twenty eight adult V line rabbits (at age between 7-8 months) were divided into four equal groups. Th...

In vivo incorporation of choline-methyl-(14)C into liver lecithin and its biosynthetic precursors was studied in CCl(4)-treated rats. Radioactivity in cytidine diphosphoryl (CDP-)choline and lecithin was reduced to one-third of control levels, whereas that of phosphorylcholine was increased to 4.7 times control levels. Incorporation of phosphorylcholine-(32)P into lecithin by homogenates prepar...

The effect of pH and high-pressure homogenization on the properties of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions stabilized by lecithin and/or whey proteins (WPI) was evaluated. For this purpose, emulsions were characterized by visual analysis, droplet size distribution, zeta potential, electrophoresis, rheological measurements and their response to in vitro digestion. Lecithin emulsions were stable even af...

Composition in dark chocolate was varied and the effects determined on microstructure, using light microscopy, and mechanical properties of molten and tempered chocolates, using a TA.HD Plus Texture Analyser. Compositional parameters were particle size distribution (PSD) (D90 of 18, 25, 35 and 50 lm), fat (25%, 30% and 35%) and lecithin (0.3% and 0.5%) contents. Micrographs revealed wide variat...

In recent years, Hertel et al. 1 have studied the primary binding sites of auxins. They pointed out that the binding site in vitro should be specific “i. e., only growth-active transportable auxins, and competitive autiauxins or transport inhibitors but not inactive analogues should interact with the re­ ceptor.” They further suggested that “auxin inter­ acts with the plasma membrane at least d...

Synthesis of inorganic particles using routes inspired by biomineralization is a goal of growing interest. Recently it was demonstrated that the size and geometry of crystallization sites are as important as the structure of charged templating surfaces to obtain particles with controlled features. Most biominerals are formed inside restricted, constrained or confined spaces where at least parts...

Novel 3-D porous scaffolds made of sintered poly(lacide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/lecithin hybrid microspheres (PLGA/Lec-SMS) were developed and investigated. The addition of lecithin in PLGA bulk successfully managed the desired hydrophilic modification without sacrificing bulk properties. The outcomes were verified with infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ...

Using a precise high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique, we identified the molecular species of lecithins in gallbladder biles from patients with cholesterol gallstones (n=29), pigment gallstones (n=9), morbid obesity (n = 5 ) , and “controls” (n=lO). The major lecithin species identified in all groups, in descending rank order as represented by the fatty acids in the sn-1 and s...

The recent advances in ocular drug delivery have been successful surpassing conventional therapy, owing to its considerable limitations. This study aims develop and optimize in-situ liposomal system design once-daily liquid preparation treat Keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Liposomes of Hyaluronic acid were prepared using soya lecithin by a thin film hydration method. Eight trial formulations made k...