As one of the most important financial innovations in 1990s, Commercial MortgageBacked Securities (CMBS) have provided significant amounts of financing for commercial real estate. However, when the Asian and Russian financial crisis hit in 1998, the low rated CMBS market almost dried up and one of the dominant investors Criimi Mae went to Chapter 11 for protection. This study investigates the e...

    Background: One of the main goals of health systems is to protect people against financial risks associated with diseases that can be catastrophic for patients. In 2014, Health Sector Evolution Plan (HSEP) was implemented in Iran; one of the objectives of HSEP was to reduce out-of-pocket payments and provide more financial protection for people. Therefore, the present study a...

background: households’ financial protection against health payments and expenditures and equity in utilization of health care services are of the most important tasks of governments. this study aims to measuring equity in household’s health care payments according to fairness in financial contribution (ffc) and kakwani indices in tehran-iran, 2013. methods: this cross-sectional study was condu...

background: households’ financial protection against health payments and expenditures and equity in utilization of health care services are of the most important tasks of governments. this study aims to measuring equity in household’s health care payments according to fairness in financial contribution (ffc) and kakwani indices in tehran-iran, 2013. methods: this cross-sectional study was condu...

providing financial resources in a justly manner in health care system means, that paying health care services by patients must be based on their financial ability and not by severity of their condition or danger of their disease. in a fair health care system, protection of all patients in term of their financial ability has been predicted. on the other hand, exponential increases in cost of he...

The development of modern business in the digital era services non-bank financial institutions, which provides convenience and acceleration to consumers is Financial Technology. Peer-to-peer lending a fintech product that loans debtors at high interest rates. maximum loan rate set by Indonesian Joint Funding Fintech Association (AFPI) 0.8% per day. This determination very burdensome for debtor ...